How to care for peach trees in spring? Detailed explanation of spring management methods

Spring management of peach trees mainly refers to the management during the period before bud break, bud break, flowering, fruit set and fruit development. Its main technical points are as follows:

1. Fertilization

Peach tree branches and shoots grow rapidly and the fruit development period is short, so fertilization must be timely and reasonable. Spring fertilization mainly refers to fertilization before bud break, and the fertilization time should not exceed late February; applying it earlier is even better. The fertilizer types are chemical ammonium bicarbonate, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer. For a peach tree producing 35 to 50 kg of fruit per tree, apply 40 kg of high-quality decomposed human and livestock manure, 0.25 kg of urea, 0.15 kg of superphosphate, and 0.4 kg of potassium chloride per tree. Fertilization method: under the tree canopy, close to the root distribution area, dig 2 to 3 fertilization pits, fully mix the organic fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizers, then apply them, and cover with soil promptly after application. If drought or excessive rain occurs before bud break, irrigate with dilute manure water to resist drought and drain water to prevent waterlogging.

2. Preventing physiological fruit drop

Physiological fruit drop is an important problem in peach tree growth and is especially prominent under rainy conditions. Peach tree physiological fruit drop has 3 periods: the first period occurs after flower fall, mainly caused by incomplete development of pistils and pollen and poor pollination; the second period is during the young fruit stage, mainly caused by poor nutrient supply to the tree; the third period occurs during the pit-hardening stage, mainly caused by new shoots competing with fruit for nutrients and water. Attention should also be paid to factors such as disease and pest damage.

3. Measures to overcome physiological fruit drop

1. For peach trees with vigorous tree growth, apply as little nitrogen fertilizer as possible or none in spring, and apply more basal fertilizer and farmyard manure in the second half of the year.

2. Control vigorous shoot growth before the pit-hardening stage; methods such as pinching, pruning and shoot control can be used for regulation.

3. During the rainy season, do a good job of ditching and drainage in the peach orchard to prevent waterlogging damage.

4. During the fruit growth and development period, spray the tree canopy with 0.4% urea solution or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to supplement the peach tree's nutrient deficiencies. In addition, disease and pest control during the fruit growth period must be done especially well.