How to grow green asparagus? A step-by-step guide to the planting method

SummarySite selection: It is best to choose sandy loam soil with deep soil layers, high organic matter content, good permeability and drainage, and good irrigation and drainage conditions; a neutral soil pH is ideal. Fertilization: Apply the bud-promoting fertilizer, relay fertilizer and autumn-growth fertilizer in a timely and reasonable manner. Pest and disease control: Mainly prevent asparagus stem blight; soil disinfection and garden disinfection methods can be used, and according to actual conditions, the method of drenching roots with chemicals can also be chosen.

Asparagus is relatively cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant, likes chlorine and tolerates alkali, and is suitable for growing in sandy loam and loam with deep soil layers, high organic matter content, good permeability and drainage, and good irrigation and drainage conditions. A neutral soil pH is ideal; acidic soil below 5.5 or above 8 and heavily saline-alkaline land are not suitable for cultivation.

I. Scientific fertilization

1. Skillfully apply the bud-promoting fertilizer: all the organic fertilizer can be applied heavily at one time, or 80% of the total amount can be applied. For a plot producing 1000 kg of asparagus per mu per year, 50 kg of Genliduo (CL) 25-5-15 asparagus special fertilizer is needed. Combined with spring loosening of the soil in the asparagus field, open a 10 cm trench 30-40 cm from the edge of the plant rows, apply the fertilizer into it, and cover it with soil and level it.

2. Supplement with relay fertilizer: during the 4-month harvest period, relay fertilizer must be topdressed multiple times. In the early harvest period, when temperatures are low, it can be applied to the soil in trenches; as temperatures rise, it can be applied by flushing together with irrigation, using water to regulate fertilizer. It is recommended to topdress 150 kg of Genliduo (CL) 25-5-15 asparagus special fertilizer per mu, and in the later stage flush with “Zhang de Hao” asparagus special water-soluble fertilizer.

3. Heavily apply the autumn-growth fertilizer: after the asparagus harvest ends, when the stems turn and the plants are retained, the autumn-growth fertilizer should be applied heavily. In the central-southern Hebei region, this is generally from late August to early September. Apply 70 kg of Genliduo (CL) 22-10-10 asparagus special fertilizer per mu in trenches, and at the same time apply the remaining organic fertilizer.

II. Fertilizer requirement patterns

1. Normal asparagus growth requires a variety of nutrients. Among the major elements, nitrogen and potassium are needed in larger amounts, while phosphorus is needed less. Among the medium and trace elements, calcium, zinc, manganese and chlorine are indispensable.

2. In the central-southern Hebei region, asparagus that has entered the harvest period (that is, more than 2 years old) has a harvest period and an autumn-growth period of 3-4 months each. Experiments have shown that producing 1000 kg of asparagus requires about 17 kg of pure nitrogen, 4.5 kg of phosphorus and 15 kg of potassium. The ratio of these three elements is about 3.8:1:3.3. Specific fertilization method: apply organic fertilizer heavily at the beginning of the year, while chemical fertilizer should be applied lightly first and heavily later.

III. Pest and disease control

1. The main disease is asparagus stem blight. To date there is still no method to cure this disease; it can only be prevented.

2. Soil disinfection: use 2 kg of 50% thiram powder, mix with 50 kg of fine soil, and combine with phoxim granules or chlorpyrifos granules for killing underground pests, applying them all at once when preparing the land. They can also be applied in trenches or holes.

3. Thoroughly clean the garden: remove the stems and branches from the aboveground part of the asparagus field and the stem bases from the field and carry out harmless treatment. Cleaning the garden in winter and spring is just as important as cleaning the garden when the stems turn in autumn.

4. Drenching roots with chemicals: use 45% Shenaning at 300 times dilution for root drenching. From the end of May to the end of August, spray fungicides multiple times in rotation, such as thiophanate-methyl, difenoconazole, tebuconazole, etc. After rain, respray in time. Copper-based preparations can also be used alternately 1-2 times to strengthen the protective function.

5. Insect pests mainly refer to underground pests: generally the method of applying them together with fungicides is used. Aboveground pests are mainly noctuid pests, such as beet armyworm, cotton bollworm, etc., and can be controlled by spraying pyrethroid pesticides combined with chlorpyrifos.