What are the cultivation techniques for ginseng fruit? Explained clearly in one article
Ginseng fruit is a product of autumn, and eating it feels juicy and delicious, so consuming it in the dry autumn season has a nourishing and warming effect. Nowadays, many foods made from ginseng fruit on the market, such as canned ginseng fruit, total saponins of ginseng fruit, and so on, are all very popular with consumers, so many people now want to try growing ginseng fruit, a fruit with economic prospects.
Cultivation techniques for ginseng fruit
1. Site selection for planting. It has strict soil requirements and is best cultivated in sandy loam or humus loam rich in organic matter with good permeability. Continuous cropping is taboo.
2. Mainly seed propagation. For sprouting, mix 1 part seeds with 3 parts river sand, put them into a sprouting box, and place it indoors or in a suitable outdoor place for sprouting. Be sure to check and turn them frequently and control the temperature well. Mix the seeds with New High Lipid Film. After land preparation and sowing, it can repel underground pests and diseases, isolate viral infection, does not affect the imbibition and swelling function, strengthens respiration intensity, and improves the seed germination rate.
3. Final planting. Ginseng fruit is a perennial herbaceous plant, so sufficient base fertilizer should be applied: 4000-5000 kg of farmyard manure per mu and 50-70 kg of N, P, K ternary compound fertilizer. With a plant and row spacing of 40-70 cm, plow 20-30 cm deep, then level the land and form strip beds 70 cm wide, with the bed surface 10 cm above the ground. Select strong seedlings about 15 cm tall with many branches, thick stems, lush leaves, and no pests or diseases for final planting. Plant them in a triangular pattern at 50 cm × 50 cm. Generally, final planting in the evening is preferable, with 2000-3000 plants per mu. After final planting, water thoroughly to set the roots.
Planting temperature for ginseng fruit
Ginseng fruit likes warmth but fears high temperatures. During cultivation, temperature management often varies with different seasons, different weather, and different growth stages. When cultivating the autumn-winter crop, as the weather changes from warm to cold and the average daily temperature drops to about 16°C, plastic film should be put up, and when it is below 10°C, straw mats should be added at night. In the early stage after covering with film, attention should be paid to ventilation during the day, maintaining 15-25°C during the day, with a maximum not exceeding 28°C, and 15-10°C at night, with a minimum not lower than 5°C. When the temperature cannot be guaranteed, temporary heating measures should be taken. In the early stage of the winter-spring crop, special attention should be paid to increasing and preserving heat. After the weather warms up, attention should be paid to ventilation to prevent high-temperature damage. When the outside minimum temperature is stably above 10°C, ventilation can be carried out day and night. When the outside minimum temperature reaches above 15°C, the greenhouse film can be gradually removed. Temperature management is exactly the opposite of that for the autumn-winter crop.
Methods for preserving flowers and fruits of ginseng fruit
Ginseng fruit can self-pollinate. Each flower spike has 8-10 flowers. Generally, keep the first 4-5 flowers that open on each flower spike and remove the rest. To improve the fruit-setting rate and speed up fruit development, growth regulators need to be used for treatment. On the day of flowering or 1-2 days after flowering, use 15 microliters per liter of 2,4-D to dip the flowers. Flowers should be thinned first, then dipped in the solution. If there is no time to thin the flowers, thin the fruits instead, preferably keeping 3-4 fruits per spike.
Precautions for cultivating ginseng fruit
1. Avoid temperatures that are too high or too low. When the temperature is above 38°C or below 8°C, ginseng fruit cannot grow normally, and below 0°C the whole plant will freeze to death.
2. Avoid cultivating in waterlogged, low-lying, heavy clay plots. Ginseng fruit fears waterlogging. In the rainy season, especially in years with excessive rain, it is very prone to root rot, and in severe cases the whole plant dies.
3. Avoid improper pesticide use. Ginseng fruit is extremely sensitive to dimethoate pesticide, so it should not be used to control aphids and mites, otherwise it will cause plant death or total loss of yield.
4. Avoid failing to remove side buds in time. The side buds of ginseng fruit sprout very easily. This not only affects growth but also causes physiological flower drop and affects fruit setting. Therefore, except for the branches selected to remain, all other side buds should be removed in time.
5. Avoid excessive humidity. Excessive humidity easily causes Phytophthora blight, so attention should be paid to ventilating the greenhouse to reduce humidity. In rainy years, pay attention to timely spraying New High Lipid Film, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, etc. for control.
The most important thing in ginseng fruit cultivation is the site selection requirement. Never choose low-lying, water-accumulating places for planting, as this is not conducive to its growth. It also cannot be planted in cold places. Ginseng fruit is very afraid of low-temperature weather, but it also cannot be exposed to direct sunlight. When temperatures are high, shade sheds need to be built.