Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Scientific Cultivation Techniques for Purple Hyacinth Bean

The purple hyacinth bean is a common variety of the hyacinth bean, and it contains pods inside; it is a variety that likes warmth and cannot tolerate freezing. Therefore, it is relatively common in the southern regions of our country. Purple hyacinth beans are now very popular on the market, and the number of people growing them is gradually increasing. To achieve a high yield of purple hyacinth beans, scientific cultivation is necessary.

Scientific Cultivation Techniques for Purple Hyacinth Bean

1. Cultivation method. Mostly direct seeding in late spring in multiple rows, with tender pods harvested successively from summer and autumn until before early frost. Grown as a single crop or intercropped with corn, using corn stalks as supports, or intercropped with garlic, or it can also be planted at the edges of fields.

2. Sowing density: for short-vine early-maturing cultivation, the plant spacing is 30-45 cm and the row spacing is 65-70 cm; for long-vine cultivation with trellis pruning, the plant spacing is 45 cm and the row spacing is 100-130 cm; for A-frame trellis pruning cultivation, make beds 133 cm wide, plant 2 rows, with a plant spacing of 35 cm, and leave a working path of 66 cm between beds.

3. Sowing method: sow in furrows or holes, with a sowing depth of 5-7 cm, and after sowing it is advisable to cover with plant ash.

4. Sowing rate: 57-67.5 kg/hectare as a single crop, 6-16.5 kg/hectare in mixed cropping.

Growing Conditions for Purple Hyacinth Bean

It likes warmth and fears cold, and dies when it encounters frost. The suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 degrees Celsius, the most suitable temperature for flowering and pod setting is 25-28 degrees Celsius, and it can tolerate high temperatures of 35 degrees Celsius. At high temperatures of 35-40 degrees Celsius, pollen germination ability decreases, which easily causes flower and pod drop. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 22-23 degrees Celsius. It is a short-day crop. Some varieties are not sensitive to photoperiod, so they can be grown in both northern and southern parts of our country. The hyacinth bean is relatively shade-tolerant. It is not strict in its water requirements, and mature plants are extremely strong in drought resistance. It has wide adaptability to soil, with well-drained, fertile sandy loam being best. The suitable pH range is 5.0-7.5.

Fertilizer and Water Management for Purple Hyacinth Bean

For hyacinth beans, before the early flowering stage and before pods are set, it is not advisable to water or apply topdressing. Only after the first inflorescence has set pods should watering and topdressing begin. Under plastic film mulching cultivation conditions, it is advisable to use the method of watering dark water under the film, and apply quick-acting chemical fertilizers or decomposed human manure and urine along with the water. Hyacinth beans prefer nitrate nitrogen rather than ammonium nitrogen; when too much ammonium nitrogen fertilizer is applied, it inhibits plant growth and development. Therefore, when applying fertilizer for flowering and pod setting, mostly use urea, Shibang Jin A6+1 double chelated compound fertilizer, and human manure and urine. During the pod-setting period of the lower inflorescences, generally water and apply topdressing once every 12-15 days, each time applying about 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, or 100 kg of human manure and urine. During the pod-setting period of the middle inflorescences, generally water and apply topdressing once every 8-10 days, each time applying 7-8 kg of urea per mu. During the flowering stage of the upper inflorescences, the pod-setting stage, and the stage when side branches flower again and set pods, generally water and apply topdressing once about every 10 days, each time applying 5 kg each of urea and potassium sulfate per mu. In the middle and late pod-setting stages, in order to improve light penetration conditions, the old yellow leaves in the middle and lower parts should be removed in time, and some leaves should be thinned out where stems and leaves are too dense, and late-emerging tender buds should be removed.

Pest Control for Purple Hyacinth Bean

1. Southern blight. Control methods:

1. Apply 100-150 kg of slaked lime per 667 sq m to adjust the soil pH, preferably to neutral, or apply large amounts of decomposed organic fertilizer. Remove diseased plants promptly when found and destroy them in a centralized manner.

2. At the early stage of disease onset, apply 1 part of 15% triadimefon wettable powder or 50% tolclofos-methyl wettable powder mixed with 100-200 parts fine soil, and scatter it at the root and stem area of the diseased part; the control effect is obvious.

3. When necessary, 20% tolclofos-methyl emulsifiable concentrate can also be sprayed at 1000 times dilution, once every 7-10 days, for 1 or 2 treatments. Use Trichoderma to control southern blight. Use well-cultured Trichoderma harzianum.

2. Cotton bollworm. Agricultural control:

1. Autumn plowing and winter irrigation can greatly eliminate pupae overwintering in the soil. Combined with pruning and removing side branches, remove some eggs and some diseased pods to reduce pest sources. Plant corn strips for trapping and killing. During the moth occurrence period, capture and kill them every morning at the leaf axils of the corn whorl. Use poplar branch bundles for trapping and killing: cut leafy poplar branches, make 10 branches into 1 bundle, place 10 bundles per mu, replace once every 5-10 days, and capture and kill every morning.

2. Use biological pesticides and viruses for control: spray 250 g of BT or 0.296 abamectin EC at 1000-2000 times dilution, or begin spraying cotton bollworm nuclear polyhedrosis virus at the peak egg-laying stage and early hatching stage of cotton bollworm, with 0.01 active spores per milliliter, using 0.5 kg per mu, spraying once every 3-4 days. Spray 2-3 times in total. Sex pheromone trapping can be used; with synthetic female cotton bollworm attractant, an average of 200 adult moths can be trapped and killed per lure core. 5% chlorfluazuron at 1000 times dilution or diflubenzuron at 800 times dilution can also be used to control cotton bollworm.

Because purple hyacinth beans are relatively water-tolerant, there are no special requirements when selecting land, as long as it does not freeze. After planting, scientific management is needed; fertilizer and water management and pest control are both indispensable. It is believed that as long as these are done well, purple hyacinth beans will grow well, and the yield will be relatively higher.