Detailed Guide to Daylily Cultivation Techniques, Step-by-Step Instructions for Growing

The daylily is a vegetable that tolerates both high and low temperatures, and is generally more common in summer each year. In recent years, as people's understanding of the daylily has deepened, its sales volume has also been rising. Many people want to grow it, and to achieve high yields, the key is mainly to master the cultivation techniques.

Daylily Cultivation Techniques

1. Select good seedlings. Daylily seedlings are generally obtained by digging out 1/3 of the old roots from old daylily plots that have grown for many years, or by using seedlings propagated by cutting blocks and dividing buds as seed seedlings. If old roots are used as seedlings, the buds should be broken off and shaken clean and "tiao ding" performed, that is, removing the main root in the middle below the rhizome,

and the rotten roots, leaving a layer of branch roots above, each with a single bud.

2. Planting time. Daylilies can be planted except during the vigorous seedling stage and the picking period, generally with spring and autumn being better. Spring planting is done around Qingming, after the soil thaws.

3. Planting pattern. Wide and narrow row planting is used, with 2 rows planted per bed, a wide row spacing of 1.3 m, and a narrow row spacing of 0.6 m. After planting, press firm, let the seedlings show 1 cm above the ground surface, and water again to help them recover.

① Single-row hole planting method. Hole spacing 0.5 m, each hole forming an equilateral triangle with a side length of 0.2 m, with three plants planted at each corner, 1400 holes per mu, and 4200 seedlings planted per mu.

② Single-row double-plant method. Plant spacing 0.4 m, 2 plants per hole, 3500 seedlings planted per mu. 4. Plant appropriately shallow to enter the full-production period earlier. The depth at which daylilies are planted is closely related to full production or how early it occurs. Shallow planting speeds up division and advances entry into the full-production period by 1-2 years. Based on several years of practice, a planting depth of 20 cm is appropriate.

How to Grow Daylilies

1. Reasonable close planting: Close planting of daylilies can bring into play population advantages, increase tillering, bolting and the number of flower buds, and achieve the goal of increasing yield. Generally, wide and narrow row cultivation is mostly used, with wide rows 60-75 cm, narrow rows 30-45 cm, hole spacing 9-15 cm, 2-3 plants per hole, planting 45,000-75,000 plants/hectare, reaching 1.5 million-2.25 million plants/hectare in the full-production period.

2. Plant appropriately deep: The root mass of the daylily grows from around the shortened stem and has the characteristic of one layer per year, with the rooting position moving upward year by year from bottom to top. Therefore, appropriate deep planting helps the plant survive and grow vigorously, and the suitable planting depth is 10-15 cm. After planting, water should be given to settle the roots, and before autumn seedlings emerge, the soil should often be kept moist to facilitate the growth of new seedlings.

3. Intertillage and earthing up: The daylily has a fleshy root system and needs a fertile, loose soil environment to facilitate the growth and development of the root mass. During the growth period, according to growth and soil compaction, intertillage should be carried out 3-4 times. The first time is when the young seedlings are just emerging, and the 2nd to 4th times are carried out during the bolting period together with intertillage and earthing up.

Fertilization Techniques for Daylilies

1. Seedling fertilizer. Seedling fertilizer is mainly used for emergence and leaf growth, promoting early and rapid leaf growth; seedling fertilizer should be applied early rather than late, and should be topdressed when daylilies begin to sprout, applying 150 kg/hm2 superphosphate and 75 kg/hm2 potassium sulfate.

2. Bud fertilizer. Bud fertilizer can prevent daylilies from losing fertility and premature aging, increase the bud-setting rate, extend the picking period, and increase yield; it should be topdressed within 7-10 days after picking begins with 75 kg/hm2 urea. At the same time, during the picking period, every 7 days or so, spray the leaves with 0.2% monopotassium phosphate, plus 0.4% urea, plus a 1%-2% superphosphate (filtered) aqueous solution, and additionally add 15-20 mg/kg gibberellin and spray once after 17:00, which has a clear effect on strengthening buds and preventing bud drop.

Pest Control for Daylilies

1. Leaf blight. Leaf blight generally harms the leaves of the plant. At first, white round spots appear, which later gradually dry up. If it is too humid, black mold-like substances will form. The specific treatment method is to spray chlorothalonil on the leaf surface, with the same number of times and frequency as above.

2. Anthracnose. The parts harmed by anthracnose are also mainly the leaves. The leaf tips change from dark green to dark yellow, producing small black spots. The leaves may even wither and die. The specific control method is to spray a 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture at the beginning, or chlorothalonil solution for timely control.

3. Red spider mite. When red spider mites harm daylilies, they suck sap on the leaf surface, causing gray spots to appear, and in severe cases can also cause the plant to wither and die. They can be sprayed with 73% propargite 2000-fold solution.

When planting daylilies, the work of site selection needs to be done well. Daylilies do not tolerate waterlogging, so drainage work must be done well. In the later stages of planting, management of fertilizer and water also needs to be strengthened. Daylilies are susceptible to pest invasion, so pest and disease prevention work must be comprehensive. Only by doing these things well will daylilies grow well and yield high.