How to Grow Grapes: Grape Cultivation Methods and Precautions
Everyone has probably eaten grapes. Grapes look very similar to European grapes and are also called American grapes or American raisins. They taste sweet and sour, are delicious and nutritious, and are deeply loved and sought after by food lovers. As more and more people start growing them, grape cultivation is also a relatively popular planting project. Below, the editor will explain in detail the cultivation techniques for grapes!
How to Grow Grapes
1. Cultivation time
Generally, spring and autumn are better choices. Planting in these two seasons gives a higher survival rate than in other seasons, with early to late February being the best period. During cultivation, the density should be determined according to the training method. Usually, the distance between plants is 1 m × 3 m. Before planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied.
2. Fertilizer and water management
At the initial stage of cultivation, water should be applied sufficiently to keep the soil moist enough. During the growing period, if drought occurs, water should be given in time. If water accumulates in the orchard, measures should be taken to drain it out. Waterlogging should not last too long, otherwise root mold may occur. From late October to early November, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. The number of fertilizer applications in a year is about 8 times.
3. Pest and disease control
Before the plants sprout, spray once with a mixture of lime sulfur 3-5 degrees plus sodium pentachlorophenate 200-300 times dilution to eliminate the source of disease. After the first leaf unfolds, spray once every 10 days. Once live insects are found, they can be wiped off with a cloth.
Grape Cultivation Methods and Precautions
1. Planting requirements: spring planting has a higher survival rate than autumn planting. Early to late February is the planting period.
Planting density varies according to different training methods. Generally, the row spacing is 1 m × 3 m. Before planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied, such as more than 40 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per plant, 3 kg of superphosphate, 0.2 kg of potassium sulfate, etc.
2. Fertilizer and water management: at the time of planting, sufficient water should be applied to make the soil moist. During the growing period, if drought occurs, irrigate in time. If water accumulates in the orchard, drain it in time to avoid root mold. From late October to early November, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. Topdressing should be done about 8 times throughout the year, namely: when new shoots are about 20 cm long, use human manure or urea for the 1st topdressing; afterward, topdress once about every half month. Among the 2-3 topdressings after early August, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added.
3. Pest and disease control: before sprouting, spray once with a mixture of lime sulfur (3-5 degrees Baume) plus sodium pentachlorophenate (200-300 times dilution) to eliminate overwintering disease sources. After the first leaf unfolds, spray lime sulfur or other fungicides for control. After that, spray once about every 10 days. If pests are found, control them in time.
4. Timely harvest: grapes have large berries and large clusters, so harvest each cluster as it ripens and harvest in batches at the proper time.
5. Precautions: during cultivation, attention should be paid to applying more phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrient fertilizers and organic fertilizers, and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled to prevent low fruit sugar content, low lignification of the fruit stalk, and reduced storability. Stop irrigation 10-15 days before harvest, and if rain occurs, harvest should be delayed.
The Producing Areas of Grapes
Grapes originated in California, United States, where the annual average temperature is above 18°C. However, Fuzhou, Fujian and Qingdao, Shandong in China have both introduced them successfully, indicating that the temperature in most parts of China is suitable for grape growth. As for soil, according to relevant materials, both hillsides and flat land can be planted. Sandy loam with good aeration and drainage is most suitable.
The Nutritional Value of Grapes
1. The sugar in grapes is mainly glucose, which can be absorbed quickly by the human body. When low blood sugar occurs, if grape juice is drunk in time, the symptoms can be relieved quickly.
2. Grapes can prevent blood clot formation better than aspirin, and can lower human serum cholesterol levels and reduce platelet aggregation, which has a certain effect on preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
3. The flavonoids contained in grapes are a powerful antioxidant, can resist aging, and can clear free radicals in the body.
4. Grapes contain a trace element with anticancer properties, which can prevent healthy cells from becoming cancerous, prevent the spread of cancer cells, and can also help patients undergoing organ transplant surgery reduce rejection reactions and promote early recovery.
Through the above content, I believe everyone has gained a certain understanding of grape cultivation techniques. In fact, grapes are not only delicious, but also have extremely high nutritional value. Whether entertaining guests at home or hosting company receptions, this delicious fruit is always indispensable.