How to Grow Fritillaria ussuriensis? A Detailed Guide to Fritillaria ussuriensis Cultivation Techniques

Fritillaria ussuriensis has a very long history in our country and is a fairly well-known type of traditional Chinese medicine. Fritillaria ussuriensis sells very well on the market, and presumably this is mainly inseparable from its efficacy. Therefore, many people now want to grow Fritillaria ussuriensis, but before planting, how much do you all know about its cultivation techniques?

How to Grow Fritillaria ussuriensis

1. Site selection: The plot for cultivating Fritillaria ussuriensis should be flat, well-drained, fertile soil, with mountain black soil and oily sandy soil also suitable; yellow clay soil plots are not suitable, and waterlogged low-lying land is especially to be avoided.

2. Land preparation: For the Fritillaria ussuriensis plot, prepare the land by first forming ridges and then cultivating, while intercropping other crops. The specific method is: in spring, form ridges; when forming ridges, two plow passes make one ridge; after forming the ridge, drag the ridge tip flat with a rake to increase the thickness of the soil layer in the furrow. The ridge top can be used normally for growing grain or cash crops, and the furrow is reserved for cultivating Fritillaria ussuriensis.

3. Cultivation time: Begin cultivation after the seed bulbs are harvested, no later than one month at the latest; if cultivation is too late, it affects the differentiation of underground renewal buds that year and the emergence rate the following year. The specific time is from mid-June to early-to-mid July.

4. Planting method: Use a flat shovel to remove about 3 cm of soil from the furrow, to a depth of 20-30 cm, sow the seed bulbs into the furrow, then cover with soil; generally the soil from the second ridge is used to cover the first furrow, proceeding in this order, with a soil-covering thickness of about 3 cm. Finally, evenly cover with decomposed farmyard manure (pig manure, cow manure, sheep manure, deer manure, horse manure, etc.) to a thickness of about 1.5-2 cm. In the past, Fritillaria cultivation had the habit of applying base fertilizer, but in recent years it has been reported that base-fertilized plots, when encountering a hot and dry year, are prone to: heating and cracking, which affects the seedling survival rate. The nutrients in the Fritillaria ussuriensis plot can also retain moisture and water, and can also improve soil structure, playing a decisive role in helping Fritillaria ussuriensis achieve high yield.

Fritillaria ussuriensis Cultivation Techniques

1. Seed cultivation. Select robust plants that have grown for 4-5 years, strengthen fertilizer and water management as usual, and insert some wormwood stalks or branches beside the plants as a trellis so that the tendrils can climb on them and avoid wind breakage. They bloom and set fruit in May, and in late May (Xiaoman) the aboveground plants gradually wither, but the fruit is not yet ripe; the fruit can be collected together with the plants and stored in a ventilated place to await after-ripening, taking care to prevent mildew. When dried until the fruit turns from green to yellow and the fruit seams split open, pick the fruit, rub out the seeds, and set them aside for sowing.

2. Cultivation method. Cultivate on a bed that has been given base fertilizer and covered with bed soil, using horizontal bed strip sowing; for large and medium bulbs, row spacing 5-10 cm, plant spacing 5 cm; for small bulbs, row spacing 5 cm, plant spacing 3 cm. After sowing and planting, cover with 4-6 cm of humus soil according to the size of the seed bulbs, and rake level after covering. Then cover the bed surface with 2-3 cm of top-dressing manure to ensure loose soil, maintain moisture, increase soil fertility, buffer changes in soil temperature, and protect Fritillaria ussuriensis through the winter safely.

How to Manage Fertilizer and Water for Fritillaria ussuriensis

1. Fertilization: Starting each winter, cover the bed surface with about 3 cm of barnyard manure, which serves the dual purpose of fertilizing and keeping warm against cold, and can promote earlier emergence. For winter fertilizer, pigpen manure, mule and horse manure, and green manure are mostly used. Cow manure easily breeds insects and has poor fertilizer effect, so it is generally not used. Alkaline fertilizers such as plant ash and kang-hole soil easily cause Fritillaria to rot and are strictly forbidden.

2. Watering: In spring, water promptly during drought to avoid affecting emergence; after emergence, water according to weather conditions. After watering, the soil easily becomes compacted, so loosen the soil promptly; when the rainy season arrives, dig through the drainage ditches to remove accumulated water, so as to prevent the Fritillaria from rotting.

Common Pests of Fritillaria ussuriensis and Their Control

1. Rust disease. Control method: clean the garden and eliminate field weeds and diseased residues. Before flowering, spray 300-fold sodium dinitroorthocresolate solution, once every 7 days.

2. Sclerotinia disease. Control method: crop rotation, choose well-drained land and plant on high beds, and strengthen field management. Fertilizer must be decomposed. Promptly pull out diseased plants and sprinkle lime to disinfect the diseased holes. Drench the roots with 50% carbendazim 1000-fold solution. In severely affected areas, use seed propagation to prevent the seed bulbs from carrying bacteria.

When cultivating Fritillaria ussuriensis, you must do a good job of site selection, then plant at the appropriate time, and the spacing must be well determined when planting. After planting, management work such as fertilizer, water, and pest control also needs to be strengthened. Only by doing these well can its growth be ensured.