Detailed Explanation of Indoor High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Button Mushrooms
AbstractNutrition: A reasonable nutrient formula is needed to obtain a higher yield, adding inorganic nutrient fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, etc. Temperature: The most suitable temperature range is 22-25°C, and 5-25°C is the temperature range for fruiting bodies. Moisture: Cultivate at 60% humidity, and the soil also needs a water content of 16% to 20%. An environment that is too dry or too wet will be somewhat unfavorable during the mycelial growth stage.
The button mushroom is a plant with great nutritional value, and sometimes it is even more popular than vegetables. The button mushroom is a type of fungus with a higher cost-performance ratio than ordinary fungi, with a plebeian price, and it can be eaten on the dining table at any time. Medicine also believes that the button mushroom has the effect of lowering blood pressure and promoting digestion. Therefore, it enjoys the reputation of “health food”, and naturally it is also liked by many growers. So how should it be cultivated? Let us learn about it together.
High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Button Mushrooms
1. Nutrition: A reasonable nutrient formula is an important condition for obtaining a high yield. Mushroom farm fertilizer (for example, sheep, cattle, horse, chicken manure, etc.). This fungus cannot perform photosynthesis. These manures can also be added with residues such as rice straw, and then inorganic nutrient fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, etc. can be added.
2. Temperature: Button mushrooms grow at 4-32°C, and the most suitable temperature range is 22-25°C; 5-25°C is the temperature range for fruiting bodies, and the optimal temperature is 14 to 18°C.
3. Moisture content: Cultivate at 60% humidity, and the soil also needs a water content of 16% to 20%. During the fruiting body stage, the air should have 85% to 95% relative humidity. An environment that is too dry or too wet will be somewhat unfavorable during the mycelial growth stage.
Indoor Button Mushroom Cultivation Techniques
1. Mushroom shed steps: at least 2.5 thickness, usually about 40 m, and 6 m according to height is suitable. Then, cover with “second film 2 Kaya”; in hot and cold seasons, direct sunlight is needed without heating, and black plastic film can be hung on the mushroom beds. Second, the working paths are 0.4-1.2 m, and the planting beds, border beds, and trenches are marked out. Usually the south trench is 0.6 m wide, and the left and right working paths are cleared.
2. Ingredient treatment: Proceed according to the following formula ingredients: 3000 kg of rice straw, 2000 kg of biogas, more than 80 kg of cow dung powder, 70 kg of urea, 120 kg of quicklime powder, 80 kg of gypsum powder, 80 kg of carbonate, 100 kg of soybean cake powder, and 20 kg of three types of vitamin nutrient edible fungi (mixed). The fermentation treatment of the base material can be completed in July, and the fermented material can be prepared according to the formula. Note that the fermented material should be evenly bulk-loaded to avoid pests entering.
3. Sowing and germination: Generally, you can plant in mid-August. Traditional sowing uses 2 seeds per square kilometer and can be divided into 3 layers for sowing. After sowing, seal and irrigate, but water is not allowed to penetrate the base; carry out forced ventilation, and ventilate on hot nights with rainy weather.
4. Mushroom emergence management: Before this, the mycelium changes. At this time, low humidity and rapid ventilation are needed. When the mycelium declines, spray some water while increasing ventilation. Take measures with water or lower the shed temperature. In order to control humidity above 85%, ventilation and air exchange must be carried out to ensure normal growth. Except in special circumstances, harvest in a timely manner according to order requirements, depending on the market, so as to benefit the yield.
5. Carry out another batch of growth: When the first batch of mushrooms is harvested, the biological efficiency is generally about 40%. At the end of November, we can disinfect the mushroom house, and this management is beneficial to the second harvest.
Prevention and Control Measures for Button Mushroom Yellow Spot Disease
First, do a good job in environmental sanitation, strictly cover the soil for disinfection, and eliminate pests. Second, spray water to humidify, and for a long time prevent the fruiting bodies and the water surface state from being too wet, avoiding excess moisture, but note that it must be clean water. Finally, there is seasonal growth, preventing excessive moisture. Especially for the incubation period of this season, reduce the humidity in the shed, with air humidity of about 85%, and a ventilation volume less than 0.5% of that in the shed, increasing the carbon dioxide concentration. For the disease, ventilation should be reduced to prevent mold and humidity. Remember to spray bleaching liquid 600 times, then spray it on the sealed rack for 1-2 hours. After that, ventilation must be strengthened and the opening temperature reduced.
Button mushroom cultivation is a small investment, and the size of the risk also depends on how much everyone invests. This fungus, which is easy to grow with high yield and has mature technical content, is now receiving a lot of attention as everyone's quality of life improves, and thus it also has good market prospects.