Where is Panax notoginseng suitable for planting? Wenshan, Yunnan is the main producing area
AbstractPanax notoginseng is suitable for planting in the Yunnan and Guangxi regions of China. Panax notoginseng likes to grow in cool and humid environments, and is best planted on east-facing slopes at an altitude of 700-1500 m with a slope of 10-20°. The suitable growth temperature is 18-25°C, and the optimal annual average temperature in the planting area is 18-19°C. The best soil is loose, deep sandy loam rich in humus, with a pH value preferably between 5.5-7.0, and soil moisture preferably at 25-30%.
Where is Panax notoginseng suitable for planting
The main planting areas in China are Wenshan County, Yanshan County, Maguan, Xichou, Guangnan, Malipo, Funing, Qiubei, etc. in Yunnan, and it is also planted in Tianyang, Jingxi, Tiandong, Debao and other places in Guangxi. Panax notoginseng is a shade-loving plant that likes to grow in an environment that is warm in winter and cool in summer, and it is neither cold-tolerant nor heat-tolerant.
1. Soil: Panax notoginseng likes moisture but is afraid of waterlogging. The planting soil should be loose and deep, and sandy loam rich in humus is preferable. The soil moisture content is best at 22%-40%, and the pH value is between 5.5-7.0.
2. Temperature: The suitable temperature for the growth of Panax notoginseng is 18-25°C. It is best planted in areas that are warm in winter and cool in summer, with small seasonal temperature differences, an annual average temperature of 18-19°C, a summer temperature not exceeding 35°C, and a winter temperature not lower than minus 5°C.
3. Light: Panax notoginseng likes shade and is relatively sensitive to light, avoiding direct light. It is best to plant them in a cool environment with weak sunlight, or to build a shade shed. In spring and autumn, the shading density is best at 40-60%, and in summer the shading density should be 60-70%.
4. Water: Panax notoginseng is afraid of drought and waterlogging, and its growing environment requires moisture. It is best planted in areas with soil moisture of 25-30% and relative air humidity of 70-80%.
5. Region: Panax notoginseng is best planted on east-facing slopes at an altitude of 700-1500 m with a slope of 10-20°; in low mountain areas or hilly plain areas above 400 m in altitude, pests and diseases are more serious, Panax notoginseng is easily harmed by pests and diseases when planted, and the leaves often show premature shedding.
Precautions for planting Panax notoginseng
1. Selection of planting site
For planting Panax notoginseng, it is best to choose mountain land with relatively high terrain and convenient drainage and irrigation. The soil requirements are deep and thin, loose in texture, and loam with strong drainage capacity is preferable.
2. Land preparation and fertilization
Before sowing, plow first. The plowing depth should be about 25-30 cm. After plowing, apply fertilizer in proportion, then make beds.
3. Sowing
If planting in the north, the sowing time is best chosen from March to April; if planting in the south, the sowing time is between late October and late November.
Select seeds that are free of pests and diseases, plump and uniform, and very red. Soak the selected seeds in a 30% benomyl No. 44 solution for 15 minutes, then take the soaked seeds to a dry place to dry in the shade, then mix the dried seeds evenly with plant ash, and place them at 25-28°C for germination; sow after more than 90% of the seeds have germinated. On the prepared bed surface, sow in holes at a plant spacing of 10-15 cm and a row spacing of 15-20 cm; after sowing is completed, insert a bamboo pole 2.5 m high and as thick as a fist every 5 holes, and then cover the poles with a layer of shade net.
4. Daily management
Carry out thinning, fertilization, drainage, watering, and weeding in a timely manner, and harvest at the appropriate time in October each year when the fruits are plump.
5. Disease control
Black spot disease: In the early stage, brown spots will gradually appear on the stems and leaves of the diseased plants, and eventually spread to the whole plant. It can be prevented and treated by disinfecting the planting material before planting, and in the early stage of the disease, spraying a 1000-fold solution of 80% chlorothalonil powder on the diseased plants.
Damping-off: It generally occurs at the base of the stem. In the early stage of the disease, yellow spots will appear at the base of the stem, and later the diseased part of the stem will break. It can be controlled by spraying a 800-fold solution of 35% lichuling on the affected stem parts.