Morel mushroom cultivation has high requirements for the environment and soil, and preparing the growing substrate is extremely important
AbstractEnvironment: neutral or slightly alkaline fertile black soil, with a pH value between 6.5-7.5, a suitable temperature of 20°C, relative air humidity of 75-90%, avoiding direct sunlight, with weak scattered light being best, and cultivation carried out from October to December. Growing substrate formula: use sawdust, bran, corncobs and straw as the main ingredients. Cooked substrate bag-removal cultivation: inoculate the mycelium using the two-end inoculation method, and carry out cultivation after the bags are fully colonized. Fruiting bodies: keep the soil moist and maintain air humidity; they generally grow out in 30 days.
What is morel mushroom
Morel mushroom is also called morel mushroom, lamb liver vegetable, etc. It is a precious edible and medicinal mushroom. Rich in nutrients, it has the effects of tonifying the kidneys, strengthening yang, nourishing the brain, and refreshing the mind. Their structure is similar to that of cup fungi, with the upper part forming a wrinkled network, like a sheep's stomach, hence the name morel mushroom.
Morel mushroom cultivation techniques
1. Environmental requirements
Morel mushrooms have very high requirements for the environment and soil. The soil for growing morel mushrooms must be neutral or slightly alkaline fertile black soil, and the PH value must be controlled between 6.5-7.5.
Morel mushrooms like to grow in low-temperature and humid environments, and their growth period is relatively long. During the growth period, in addition to requiring low temperatures, a relatively large temperature difference is also needed to stimulate mycelial differentiation; their suitable growth temperature is 20°C, relative air humidity must be controlled at 75-90%, direct sunlight should be avoided, and weak scattered light is best; combined with their growth characteristics, the greenhouse for growing morel mushrooms is best chosen in a poplar forest, and cultivation is carried out from October to December.
2. Cultivation formula
Whether morel mushroom cultivation succeeds or not, preparing the growing substrate is extremely important. Generally, the growing substrate uses sawdust, bran, corncobs and straw as the main ingredients, which are then prepared with some other ingredients.
Formula one: sawdust 75%, bran 20%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum 1%, humus soil 3%, Yifuyuan mushroom ecological treasure 1%. Formula two: crushed corncobs 40%, bran 20%, sawdust 20%, bean hulls 15%, plant ash 2%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum 1%, sugar 1%, Yifuyuan mushroom ecological treasure 1%.
3. Cooked substrate bag-removal cultivation
Based on the actual situation, after choosing and preparing a suitable cultivation formula, mix it with water at a ratio of 1:1.3, stir and pile it for fermentation for 20 days, then put it into special plastic bags, with each bag holding about 500g of substrate; then place the bagged substrate in a high-temperature environment of 100 degrees for more than 8-10 hours for sterilization, after which the mycelium can be inoculated.
The two-end inoculation method can be used. After inoculation, seal the bag opening well and place it in a culture room at 22-25°C to cultivate for 30 days. The mycelium can then complete its growth, and after the mycelium fully colonizes the bag, cultivation can be carried out.
4. Fruiting body cultivation
Choose a suitable environment for cultivation. After disinfection treatment, lay a layer of plastic film on the bed surface, then cover it with 3-5cm of decomposed soil, and after covering, flatten the soil.
Remove the plastic bags from the fully cultivated mushroom sticks, arrange them neatly on the bed surface, generally at a density of 40 per sq m. After arranging the mushroom sticks, spray water evenly once, then cover them with 3-5cm of soil, and finally cover with a layer of fallen leaves to keep the soil moist and maintain air humidity. Generally, fruiting bodies can grow out in about 30 days.