High-Yield Cultivation Techniques for Yardlong Beans: Rational Fertilization Is Key

AbstractHigh-yield yardlong beans require choosing a suitable sowing time. Spring sowing is best in March and May, and autumn sowing is best in early August. During planting, there should be good light and humidity. Active and rational fertilization can promote flowering and fruiting. Manually set up trellises and guide the vines, and do a good job of preventing and controlling pests and diseases in advance.

1. Planting Time

In an open-air environment, yardlong beans can be sown about 3 times a year. Generally, spring sowing is in late March in early spring and early May in late spring, and autumn sowing is in early August. The temperatures in these three time periods are suitable for seed germination and growth. The germination and growth temperature is around 30°C, and the temperature for flowering and pod formation is around 28°C. Planting at a suitable time helps increase yield.

2. Planting Environment

Open-air planting generally requires shading. Yardlong beans do not have very high light requirements. Reasonable photosynthesis is beneficial for flowering and pod formation. If there is not enough light, flowers and pods are likely to drop. The root system of yardlong beans is relatively deep, so the soil should be turned during planting. During later growth, take care to keep the soil moist to promote rapid plant growth.

3. Rational Fertilization

1. Apply base fertilizer

Base fertilizer is mainly decomposed organic fertilizer, combined with an appropriate amount of compound mixed fertilizer. Generally, apply about 1000 kg of farmyard manure per mu, about 50 kg of superphosphate, and about 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer. Apply the base fertilizer when preparing the land and making ridges. Open a small furrow on the planting ridge, then pour in the fertilizer and cover it with soil. After applying fertilizer this way, be sure not to plant the yardlong bean seedlings directly into the furrow. Keep a distance of about 15 cm from the organic fertilizer furrow to avoid fertilizer burning the seedlings.

2. Topdress with Genshibao

During growth, yardlong beans need a large amount of phosphorus and potassium elements, which can be supplemented by applying Genshibao. Genshibao is rich in phosphorus and potassium elements, is easily soluble in water, and has high fertilizer efficiency. Compared with ordinary compound fertilizers, it is easier for yardlong beans to absorb, thereby promoting plump appearance and tender, healthy color.

3. Spray foliar fertilizer

In the middle and late stages of growth, yardlong beans often show symptoms of various nutrient deficiencies, such as yellow leaves. During the seedling stage and when guiding vines, spray foliar fertilizer. You can choose Nongmi Da and Nongmi No. 1. If used only after symptoms such as yellow leaves appear, the effect will not be as good.

4. Trellising

Wait until the plant has grown to about 6 leaves before trellising. First use bamboo poles to build an A-frame trellis. This is beneficial for the plant to climb and also for ventilation. When the yardlong bean plant grows to more than 30 cm, you can manually guide the vines and tie them to the trellis.

5. Pest and Disease Control

In summer, during the high-temperature and high-humidity season, it is the high-incidence stage for yardlong bean pests and diseases. Common pests and diseases include aphids, cabbage caterpillars, downy mildew, and rust. Be sure to treat them promptly. You can spray fungicidal and insecticidal agents such as triadimefon and abamectin for prevention and control.