What are the growing conditions for Wonhwang pears? Arid climate with little rain, sandy loam soil preferred
AbstractWonhwang pears are suitable for planting on flat land or slopes. The soil should be rich in organic matter and well aerated, and sandy loam is a relatively good choice. The climate requirements for Wonhwang pears are arid, with little rain and cool temperatures. Although the growing conditions are not demanding, meeting the soil and climate conditions helps increase yield and improve quality. At present, the areas where they are grown more extensively include Shenzhen, Chongqing, Shandong, Hebei and other places.
1. Growing conditions for Wonhwang pears
1. Wonhwang pears have relatively good adaptability. Whether in terms of soil or climate, the growing conditions for Wonhwang pears are not demanding, but an arid, rain-scarce and cool climate is more suitable for the growth and development of Wonhwang pears.
2. Wonhwang pears can be grown in Shenzhen, Chongqing, Shandong, Hebei and other places in China. Research shows that Wonhwang pears also grow and bear fruit fairly well when cultivated in saline-alkali land in China.
3. In terms of choosing an orchard site, flat land or slopes are generally selected. Although Wonhwang pears are moisture-tolerant and saline-alkali-tolerant, there are still particular points to consider when choosing the planting site.
4. Sandy loam is generally chosen. The soil is required to be deep, rich in organic matter and well aerated, and the site should be established in a high, open place that drains well and has a low groundwater table. It is best not to choose land that is too poor or has severe seepage.
2. Precautions for growing Wonhwang pears
1. Key points for fertilisation
(1) To increase the yield of Wonhwang pears, it is generally necessary to apply large amounts of organic fertiliser and phosphorus-potassium fertiliser, and to apply sufficient base fertiliser.
(2) A planting hole of about one meter can be dug, and per mu apply 3,000 kg of organic fertiliser, 5 kg of Bika microbial fertiliser and 40 kg of calcium-magnesium phosphate fertiliser.
(3) For ordinary soil, the fertiliser requirement is three topdressings, respectively before and after bud break, during flower bud differentiation, and in the topdressing period in early August.
(4) While fertilising, deep ploughing can be carried out. After fertilising, it is best to water thoroughly, and the planting water especially needs to be applied thoroughly. A one-meter-wide plastic film should also be laid along the tree rows to retain moisture and increase temperature.
2. Establish drainage and irrigation
Remember to establish drainage and irrigation measures in the pear orchard. In areas with relatively concentrated rainfall, strong winds and heavy rain can have adverse effects on pear trees, so drainage ditches should be cleared before the rainy season.
3. Cultivating pear trees by the sod culture method
For cultivating pear trees, the sod culture method is a good choice. This helps increase soil organic matter and can raise nutrient content. Wonhwang pears should be planted at a moderately dense spacing in the early stage, as this helps increase yield.
4. Pruning the tree shape
Generally, they are pruned into a free spindle shape. Main branches can also be trained in east-west opposite directions, with 2-3 side branches retained. In summer, new shoots are pinched at 30 cm to increase fruiting branches. In terms of thickness, the main trunk thickness is generally four to five times that of the branches, which is appropriate; branches that are too thick are not conducive to fruiting.
5. Bagging Wonhwang pears
Wonhwang pears should be bagged in early June. It is not necessary to use high-grade bags, but note that the bag opening must be tied tightly. Bagging is generally carried out about half a month before the fruit ripens. Before bagging, the whole orchard should be treated once for insects and fungi, and the bags should be put on about 4 days after spraying.
6. Pests and diseases and their control
Common pests and diseases of Wonhwang pears include pear tree rot disease, green leafhoppers and so on. Prevention should be done in a timely manner according to the timing patterns of different pests and diseases, and different pesticides should be selected for control depending on the weather and other conditions.