Salvia miltiorrhiza planting technology and profit analysis per mu, profit about 10,000 yuan per mu

AbstractPropagation methods: root division planting, cuttings propagation and seed propagation can be chosen. Field management: during the growing process, attention should be paid to loosening the soil, weeding, topdressing, watering and pinching, etc. Pest and disease control: mainly control root rot, aphids, silver Y moth, cotton bollworm and white grubs, etc. Profit per mu: the growth cycle of Salvia miltiorrhiza is one year, harvested in autumn, and the net profit per mu is about 10,000 yuan.

Salvia miltiorrhiza is generally planted in Sichuan and Zhejiang. In Zhejiang, it can be planted directly in tangerine orchards, mulberry orchards, tea gardens and young fir forests, while in Sichuan, land where corn, peanuts or sweet potatoes have been planted should be selected, then the land should be prepared again, plowed more than 30cm deep, and base fertilizer should be applied on the prepared land, with about 2000 kg of compost or barnyard manure per mu, then the land should be leveled and made into high beds or flat beds, with a bed width of about 1.2m, and the bed length depending on the terrain.

I. Propagation methods of Salvia miltiorrhiza

1. Root division planting

(1) For planting stock, select annual lateral roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza with a diameter of about 0.3cm, thick and strong, red in color, and free from pests and diseases. They can be planted from February to March or in November after harvest.

(2) Plant in holes with a row spacing of 30cm-45cm and a plant spacing of 25cm-30cm, with each hole 3cm-4cm deep.

(3) For fertilization, pig manure and urine can be applied, 1500 kg-2000 kg per mu.

(4) When planting, break the selected branches into root segments 4cm-6cm long. It is best to choose the head and tail of the root for planting, because they sprout early, and they can be broken and planted at the same time. The root strips should face upward, and two segments should be planted in each hole. After planting, cover with a thin layer of soil about 1.5cm. However, some are planted with the middle segments, which sprout slowly, so they should be planted separately according to the position of the root segments to facilitate management.

(5) Note that when planting by root division, a layer of straw should be covered for freeze protection. Do not choose lignified mother roots as planting stock, because they have low yield and are not easy to sprout.

2. Cuttings propagation

(1) Use the aboveground stems of Salvia miltiorrhiza, cut them into small segments of 10cm-15cm, remove the leaves on the lower half, and also cut off half of the leaves on the upper half. Along rows with a spacing of 20cm and a plant spacing of 10cm, open shallow furrows and insert them obliquely into the prepared bed soil, then cover with 6cm of soil.

(2) After cuttings, water and shade them. When Salvia miltiorrhiza grows to about 3cm, it can be planted in the field. It is also possible to split off rooted Salvia miltiorrhiza stems and plant them directly; watering them can also keep them alive.

3. Seed propagation

Due to the influence of environmental climate in different regions, the sowing method and time are different.

(1) In the Beijing area, Salvia miltiorrhiza should be sown in drills in March, covered with 0.3cm of soil, watered, and then covered with a layer of plastic film to maintain soil moisture. Seedlings will emerge in 15 days.

(2) In the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, sowing is done in June when the seeds mature, immediately after harvest, covering the seeds with soil is enough, then covering with a layer of straw to retain moisture. After three to four months, they can be transplanted directly.

(3) In North China, sowing is done in mid-April, and drill sowing or hole sowing can be chosen. If hole sowing, the row spacing is 30cm-45cm and the plant spacing is 25cm-30cm, with 5-10 seeds placed in each hole; if drill sowing, dig a shallow furrow 1cm deep, place the seeds in it, cover with 0.6cm-1cm of soil, with about 0.5 kg of seeds per mu. If the land is dry, first water thoroughly to keep the land moist, then sow. Seedlings will emerge after half a month, and when the Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings grow to about 6cm, thinning and final thinning can be carried out.

II. Field management

1. Loosen the soil to promote emergence: because root division propagation is covered with thicker soil, emergence is slow, generally emerging in April. Check the emergence situation. If the soil is hardened or the soil cover is too thick, remove the soil to promote emergence.

2. Weeding: during the growing period, weed three times, once in May when the seedlings are 10cm-12cm, the second time in June, and the third time in August.

3. Topdressing: while weeding the seedlings, topdress with 1000 kg-2000 kg of decomposed manure, 10 kg-15 kg of superphosphate, or 25 kg-50 kg of cake fertilizer.

4. Watering: if the land is dry when the Salvia miltiorrhiza seedlings emerge or during the growing period, water or irrigate in time to provide sufficient water for the normal growth and development of Salvia miltiorrhiza.

5. Pinching: when Salvia miltiorrhiza grows flower buds, except for the flower buds kept for seeds, all others should be removed, which is beneficial to root growth.

III. Pest and disease control

1. Root rot: when planting, choose land with dry terrain and good drainage for planting, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of root rot. Root rot is likely to occur in hot and rainy weather. It can be irrigated with a 1000-fold solution of 70% carbendazim.

2. Aphids: a 1000-2000-fold solution of 50% fenitrothion or a 1000-2000-fold solution of 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate can be used, once every 7-10 days, continuously until the aphids are eliminated.

3. Silver Y moth: during the young larval stage of Salvia miltiorrhiza, spray an 800-fold solution of 90% trichlorfon technical material or a 1500-fold solution of 50% phosphamidon emulsifiable concentrate, once a week, which can effectively eliminate the silver Y moth.

4. Cotton bollworm: starting from the bud stage, spray a 1500-fold solution of 50% phosphamidon emulsifiable concentrate or a 500-fold solution of 25% chlordimeform aqueous solution to control cotton bollworm.

5. White grubs: mix a 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate at 0.1% of the seed amount with the seeds. During the field occurrence period, irrigate with a 1000-fold solution of 90% trichlorfon or a 700-fold solution of 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate. It is also possible to use 25 grams of chlordane emulsifiable concentrate, mix it with 5 kg of roasted wheat bran, and add an appropriate amount of water to make a poisonous bait, then scatter it in the field in the evening to trap and kill white grubs.

IV. Profit per mu from planting Salvia miltiorrhiza

1. Cost

Seedlings: about 8000 plants are needed per mu for Salvia miltiorrhiza planting, at 0.08 each on the market, so the seedling cost per mu is only 640 yuan.

Plowing: then the land needs to be plowed twice, each plowing costing about 100 yuan.

Fertilizer: about 50 kg of fertilizer is used per mu, plus topdressing, costing 200 yuan in total.

Pest and disease control: the cost of chemicals is 100 yuan.

Other: labor cost calculated at 1000 yuan.

Total cost is about 2100 yuan.

2. Profit

The growth period of Salvia miltiorrhiza is one year, generally harvested in autumn of the same year. Each mu can produce 360 kg of dried goods, at 34 yuan per kg, with an income of 12240 yuan per mu. After deducting costs, the net profit is about 10000 yuan.