Saposhnikovia divaricata planting technology: root segment propagation harvested in the same year, seed sowing harvested in two years

AbstractEnvironment: It is suitable to plant in warm and humid areas, choosing sandy soil with deep soil layers, good drainage and irrigation conditions, and loose and fertile texture. Planting method: Raise seedlings and plant after the beginning of spring, plant upright into the holes, and water after planting. Direct sowing: The sowing rate is about 1.5 kg per mu, and autumn sowing emerges more uniformly than spring sowing. Management: After emergence, keep the soil moist, weed and loosen the soil regularly, and do not damage the stems when cultivating, weeding and topdressing, otherwise the yield will be affected.

I. Planting environment

1. The roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata are relatively thick and long, and it is suitable for growing in warm and humid areas, so it is advisable to choose sandy soil with deep soil layers, good drainage and irrigation conditions, and loose and fertile texture for planting.

2. After selecting the land, apply 5000 kg of farmyard manure or barnyard manure, crush it finely and spread it evenly, and make a flat bed of about 1 m.

II. Planting methods

1. Root segment cutting seedling raising

(1) After the beginning of spring, from early to mid-March, dig a seedling pond in a sheltered and sunny place about 35 cm deep and about 1.3 m wide, with the length determined according to specific circumstances.

(2) Mix sand with stove ash and fertile soil thoroughly, pour it into the pond to a depth of about 20 cm, dig out Saposhnikovia divaricata from the field to be harvested in early spring or from the seed field left from last year, select relatively thick, uniform and robust root strips, organize them into small bundles, and then transport them to the edge of the pond.

(3) Cut them in order into small segments of about 5 cm, with the upper end facing upward, and insert them vertically or slightly obliquely into the pond, leaving only a little spacing.

(4) After all are inserted, level and cover lightly with soil. Pour warm water at about 40°C into the pond and water it thoroughly in one go, place a few bamboo or wooden poles horizontally and vertically on the surface of the pond, and then cover with plastic film. If the nighttime temperature is too low, another layer of straw curtain can be covered over the film, and the surroundings of the film fixed with wet mud.

(5) When the weather warms up, remove the straw curtain, sweep away the grass debris, pat off the water droplets inside the film , and let as much sunlight as possible enter the pond to raise the temperature inside. By early to mid-April, adventitious buds will sprout at the upper ends of the root segments, and transplanting can be carried out.

2. Root segment cutting field planting

(1) Before planting, first irrigate the seedling pond once, dig them out with a small shovel, and be sure not to pull them out by hand.

(2) After moving the seedlings to the field, dig holes at a plant and row spacing of about 25 cm, plant vertically into the field, and cover lightly with soil.

(3) Note that during planting they must be planted upright into the holes, otherwise there will be more lateral roots, which easily affects the quality of the medicinal material.

(4) After planting, water them, water again after 3 days, shallow hoe and level the soil, and after a period of time, seedlings will grow.

3. Direct sowing

(1) Sow in spring when it is not dry, around April in North China and in mid-May in Northeast China.

(2) First open furrows at a row spacing of about 20 cm, about 1.5 cm deep, evenly scatter the seeds into them, cover with about 1 cm of soil, water and press firm, and keep the soil moist at all times to help the seeds emerge.

(3) The sowing rate is about 1.5 kg per mu, and generally autumn sowing emerges more uniformly than spring sowing.

4. Seedling raising

(1) Make a flat bed of about 0.9 m in a sunny area, and sow at the end of March and the end of April, either by drilling or broadcasting.

(2) For drilling, the row spacing is about 10 cm, open shallow furrows, evenly scatter the seeds into the furrows, cover with soil and press firm, then sprinkle water.

(3) Or before sowing, irrigate thoroughly in the sunny bed, and sow after the water has been completely absorbed.

5. Broadcasting

(1) After sowing, cover with a thin layer of soil using a sieve, then cover with plastic film or straw curtain on top, which helps keep warmth and moisture and increases the germination speed of the seeds.

(2) When the seedlings grow to about 6 cm, dig them out together with the soil and transplant them to the field for final planting, and water promptly so they can survive.

(3) When the seedlings produce new roots or leaves, loosen the soil to increase yield.

III. Later management

1. After emergence in directly sown land, keep the soil moist, weed and loosen the soil regularly, and after the seedlings are uniform, water lightly and hoe regularly so the roots can grow deep.

2. When the seedlings are about 6 cm high, thin them; when the seedlings grow to about 10 cm, combine cultivation and weeding, and finalize the seedlings at a plant spacing of about 10 cm; when the seedlings grow to about 16 cm, apply about 10 kg of ammonium nitrate and about 20 kg of calcium phosphate per mu.

3. When cultivating, weeding and topdressing, be sure not to damage the stems, as this easily affects yield; before the rainy season, also carry out cultivation and loosening of the soil to prevent lodging.

4. Before the clustered leaves close the rows, combine cultivation and fertilization, and apply about 25 kg of compound fertilizer per mu; after application, shallow hoe and level the soil, and water.

5. If drought occurs, water multiple times, but not excessively, so as to avoid excessive vegetative growth affecting quality.