Soybean planting time and techniques: different varieties have different sowing times

Summary Spring soybean type: can be planted from February to May, and the farther south you go, the earlier the sowing time. Huang-Huai-Hai summer soybean type: generally sown in June. Southern summer soybean type: generally sown in May to June. Autumn soybean type: generally sown in mid-July, no later than mid-August. Soybean planting techniques: after land preparation, the soil needs to be irrigated; if the seed moisture content is high, the seeds can be sun-dried first before sowing; weed control is needed both before and after emergence; diseases are prone to occur during flowering and pod-setting, so pay attention to active prevention and control.

I. Soybean planting time

According to different geographical locations and environmental climates, the planting time of soybeans varies. Classified by sowing period, soybeans are divided into spring soybean type, Huang-Huai-Hai summer soybean type, southern summer soybean type, and autumn soybean type.

1. Spring soybean type: for spring soybean type seeds, the farther south you go, the earlier the sowing time generally is.

(1) Because the precipitation and temperature in Northeast China in May are suitable for soybean sowing, northern spring soybeans are generally sown in April to May.

(2) Huang-Huai-Hai spring soybeans are sown in late April to early May.

(3) Yangtze River spring soybeans are sown earlier, in late March to early April.

(4) Southern spring soybeans are sown from February to early March.

2. Huang-Huai-Hai summer soybean type: generally sown in June.

3. Southern summer soybean type: generally sown from May to early June.

4. Autumn soybean type: carried out from July 15 to July 25, and planting must not be later than August 15. The growth cycle of autumn soybeans is 70-80 days, and they can be planted early according to conditions, as long as they flower around White Dew.

II. Soybean planting techniques

1. Land preparation

(1) Flat plowing technique, generally used in spring soybean areas.

(2) Ridge tillage technique, generally commonly used in Northeast China.

(3) Harrowing stubble technique, adopted for the Northeast spring soybean type and the Huang-Huai-Hai summer soybean type.

(4) Deep loosening technique, a mechanized operation, used relatively more in Heilongjiang.

2. Pre-sowing irrigation: before sowing, for land in poor condition, irrigate once 1-2 days before sowing to moisten the soil.

3. Pre-emergence weed control: when the soil condition is good, soybeans are closed in after sowing and before soil cracking.

4. Post-emergence weed control: after emergence, carry out post-emergence weed control when soybeans have 1-3 compound leaves and weeds have 2-5 leaves.

5. Seed selection

(1) Winnowing: use wind power to remove small and light seeds and retain heavy and large seeds. Mechanized winnowing can also be used, and this method is highly efficient.

(2) Screening: its fine selection quality is high, and it is a very good method. That is, use a sieve or screening machine to select.

(3) Grain selection: on the basis of the previous two screening methods, select seeds that are large, plump, and have intact seed coats.

(4) Mechanical seed selection: a winnowing machine can be used first, then after screening, a grain selecting machine can be used. Or adopt compound operations to carry out fully mechanized seed selection.

6. Seed treatment: if storage conditions are poor and seed moisture content is high, the seeds can be sun-dried for 2-3 days before sowing; after sun-drying, remember to spread the seeds out to cool down; rhizobium inoculation should be carried out; for seed coating, use a seed coating agent for treatment.

7. Disease prevention: diseases generally appear during flowering and pod-setting; at this time, spray Guole emulsion, etc. for flower and pod protection measures.