Detailed Explanation of Onion Cultivation Methods and Key Technical Points

SummarySite selection for planting: A sunny location with fertile and loose soil should be chosen for planting, and the soil should preferably have good permeability and good water and fertilizer retention capacity. Land preparation: Break the soil up fine, then plow it and expose it to the sun, and then apply base fertilizer. Reasonable fertilization: After applying base fertilizer, wait until seedlings emerge and then apply topdressing, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. Sowing: Sow in mid-September, and after emergence, select high-quality seedlings for transplanting. Later management: Actively prevent and control pests and diseases, and water appropriately.

1. Site Selection for Planting

Onions do not have high soil requirements and can grow normally in any soil, but the root absorption capacity of onions is not very good, so they should be planted in loose and fertile soil. The soil should preferably have good water and fertilizer retention capacity and good permeability, which is more conducive to promoting root growth and development and helping them grow better. Onions need sufficient light during growth, and the best planting site is an area with sunlight and a long sunshine duration.

2. Land Preparation

1. After choosing the planting site, carry out land preparation. Land preparation can be done according to the soil permeability and the fertilizer and water conditions. First, break the soil up fine, which can improve the permeability of the planting site.

2. Then plow the soil, but do not level it immediately. Let it be exposed to the sun for about one week, which helps eliminate bacteria and parasites in the soil and plays a disinfecting role.

3. Finally, apply base fertilizer in the planting site and mix the soil and fertilizer evenly, which helps improve soil fertility and promote seedling growth.

3. Reasonable Fertilization

Land preparation and base fertilizer application can be carried out together. Determine the amount of base fertilizer used according to the specific planting area. Generally, the base fertilizer is mainly fully decomposed farmyard manure, and can be combined with a small amount of nutrient elements such as phosphorus, potassium and calcium. When onion seedlings emerge, apply topdressing once, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, which helps increase the growth rate of the seedlings.

4. Sowing

1. Sowing at a suitable time is conducive to the normal growth of seedlings. If the sowing time is improper, it will affect the growth of onions, thereby reducing yield and quality.

2. In the south, the sowing time is mid-September. According to the onion emergence rate, sow at a reasonable density, and after the seedlings emerge, promptly check the seedlings and fill in gaps.

3. After sowing, cover with about 2cm of nutrient soil to ensure uniform emergence.

4. After the seedlings have fully emerged, transplanting and field planting can be carried out. First remove and discard the overly large, relatively weak, and excessively vigorous seedlings, and plant seedlings of uniform size together, which is conducive to later management.

5. Later Management

After the seedlings are transplanted and established, later management should be strengthened, and pests and diseases should be prevented and controlled in time. Onion transplanting is basically carried out in autumn, when the temperature is relatively low and it is not suitable to water too much. Excessive watering will lower the surface temperature, thereby affecting the growth rate of the seedlings. Timely and appropriate watering is more conducive to seedling growth.