Detailed Explanation of the First-Year Cultivation and Planting Methods for Shine Muscat

AbstractIn the first year, after Shine Muscat develops tendrils, urea or nitric phosphorus should be applied by drip irrigation, once every 10 days; after July and August, relatively pure monopotassium phosphate should be used for drip irrigation, at 5 kg per mu, for 3-4 applications. In addition, during the growth period of Shine Muscat, pest and disease prevention must not be forgotten.

I. First-Year Cultivation and Growing Methods for Shine Muscat

1. In the first year, after the young Shine Muscat seedlings develop tendrils, 5 kg of urea per mu or 5-10 kg of nitric phosphorus per mu can be used for drip irrigation of Shine Muscat, with drip irrigation about once every 10 days.

2. After July and August, use relatively pure monopotassium phosphate, at 5 kg per mu by drip irrigation, for 3-4 applications.

3. While Shine Muscat is growing, do not forget disease prevention on the leaves either. In the early stage, mainly use foliar fertilizers containing nitrogen and promoting root growth; in the middle and late stages, mainly use phosphorus and potassium with a small amount of nitrogen, combined with magnesium and trace elements.

II. Planting Techniques for Shine Muscat Cultivation

1. Orchard establishment

(1) When establishing the orchard, choose a place close to a water source, convenient for drainage and irrigation, with flat terrain and sufficient sunlight.

(2) The soil of the orchard should be rich in organic matter, and the soil pH should be between 6-8, slightly acidic or slightly alkaline.

(3) If the pH value is too high or too low, it will affect the normal growth of grapes. In addition, saline-alkali land and polluted areas are not suitable for orchard establishment.

(4) Before establishing the orchard, clear the weeds and residual plant debris from the orchard, and then apply a certain amount of fertilizer to the soil according to actual conditions.

2. Selection of seedlings

(1) Shine Muscat is mostly grown from grafted seedlings, and the requirements for seedlings are relatively high.

(2) Grafted Shine Muscat seedlings require a vigorously growing tree as the rootstock, so the rootstock is generally Huajia No. 8, 3309M, etc. for grafting.

(3) If these are not available, seedlings with relatively vigorous growth and good disease resistance can also be selected for grafting. Rootstocks with relatively weak growth are not suitable as grafted seedlings.

3. Field planting

(1) After the grafted seedlings have been cultivated, field planting should begin.

(2) The time for field planting is generally recommended to be 15-20 days before grape bud break in spring, and the planting method should also take local climatic conditions into account.

(3) For example, spring temperatures differ greatly between the south and the north, so when planting in the north, planting holes should be dug deep, and then farmyard manure should be filled in before planting, while in the south, drainage and irrigation ditches should be dug deep, and the soil covering after planting should be relatively shallow.

4. Water and fertilizer management

(1) After field planting, in order to allow the plants to grow faster, nitrogen fertilizer can be dissolved in water when watering after planting, which can promote rapid growth of the plant root system.

(2) Shine Muscat should be topdressed multiple times each year. The first topdressing should be in spring. Spring is the period when the Shine Muscat root system grows, so nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers should be used for topdressing, which can be applied by drip irrigation or watering, using an average of 1-2 kg of fertilizer per mu. Do not use concentrated fertilizer, so as not to damage the plant root system.

(3) The second fertilization is during the branch and leaf growth period. This is the peak growth season for Shine Muscat, and sufficient fertility is needed to support its growth. Likewise, use the method of watering with fertilizer or drip irrigation, on average once every half month, for 4-5 consecutive times.