Sugarcane Planting Methods and Key Field Management Techniques

SummaryLand preparation: Select deep, loose and fertile soil for deep ploughing. Deep ploughing is good for root development and is the foundation for increasing yield. Opening planting furrows: Sugarcane furrows are divided into conventional furrows and drought-resistant high-yield furrows. Opening planting furrows allows sugarcane to be planted to a certain depth, making future fertilization and management easier. Fertilization: Sugarcane has a relatively high fertilizer demand, so fertilization techniques must be mastered to satisfy the sugarcane's fertilizer needs to the greatest extent. Field management: Do a good job of checking seedlings and filling gaps. Pest and disease control: Adhere to prevention first.

Sugarcane is the cane we normally eat. It is the raw material for making cane sugar and can also be used to extract ethanol. The main sugarcane-producing countries are Brazil, India and China. It is rich in sugar and water, and contains abundant nutrients such as vitamins, organic acids, proteins and fats. The most common skin colors are purple and green, and there are also red and brown, but these are less common.

I. Land preparation

1. Land preparation provides deep, loose and fertile soil conditions for sugarcane growth, fully meeting the needs of sugarcane root growth, so that the roots can better play their role in absorbing water and nutrients.

2. Land preparation can reduce diseases, insects and weeds in sugarcane fields. Deep ploughing is the foundation for increasing yield. Sugarcane has a relatively developed root system, and deep ploughing is beneficial to root development, thereby allowing the aboveground part of the sugarcane to grow faster and yield more.

3. Deep ploughing is a general principle and requirement. The specific degree should also be chosen according to the actual conditions of the land and adapted to local conditions.

II. Opening planting furrows

1. Opening planting furrows allows sugarcane to be planted to a certain depth, which makes future fertilization and management easier.

2. Sugarcane furrows are divided into two types: conventional furrows and drought-resistant high-yield furrows. Conventional furrows are generally about 20 cm deep, with a bottom width of about 20 cm-25 cm, and the furrow bottom should be level.

3. Drought-resistant high-yield furrows are mostly opened around hills along contour lines. The deep furrow is generally 40 cm, and the furrow bottom is generally 25 cm wide. The distance between furrow centers is about 100 cm.

III. Fertilization

1. Sugarcane has a relatively long growth period, tall plants and high yield, so throughout the entire growth period of sugarcane, the amount of fertilizer applied is one of the important factors determining yield.

2. Because sugarcane has a relatively high fertilizer demand, fertilizer accounts for a large proportion of sugarcane production costs.

3. When planting sugarcane, fertilization techniques must be correctly mastered, with timely and appropriate fertilization, to satisfy the sugarcane's fertilizer needs to the greatest extent.

IV. Field management

1. In field management of sugarcane, the sugarcane seedlings must be checked and gaps filled frequently. Ensuring a full stand of seedlings is one of the important conditions for obtaining high sugarcane yield.

2. Unsuitable planting time, rough planting techniques, climatic disruption or pest and disease damage, among various reasons, can all cause missing sugarcane seedlings.

3. The work of checking seedlings and filling gaps must be done well for sugarcane seedlings. Gap filling is generally mostly done when the germination stage is basically over and the sugarcane seedlings have grown 3-5 true leaves.

V. Pest and disease control

1. The greatest threat to sugarcane comes from sugarcane diseases. Once diseases occur, even if medicinal preparations are used for control, the returns obtained are not very ideal.

2. This is because pathogens invade the internal tissues, causing pathological changes in sugarcane physiology, tissues and morphology, which then manifest as various symptoms, and most medicinal preparations cannot enter the internal tissues of sugarcane to take effect.

3. Sugarcane pest and disease control should adhere to prevention first and take integrated control as the principle.

4. Prevent all factors favorable to pathogen growth, development, reproduction, spread and so on, and use biological, physical, chemical and other multiple methods to control sugarcane pests and diseases, so that diseases are controlled to the greatest extent.