What is the normal yield of potatoes per mu in jin?

Abstract The normal yield of potatoes per mu is around 3000-5000 jin. If high-quality potato varieties are selected for planting and combined with careful management in the later stages, the yield per mu can generally reach as high as around 8000 jin. The yield of potatoes per mu is greatly related to planting techniques, environment and varieties. Potatoes are suitable for planting in loose, fertile, slightly acidic soil. If the soil is alkaline, the yield will decrease.

I. Normal yield of potatoes per mu

The normal yield of potatoes per mu is generally around 3000-5000 jin. If the yield per mu is above 8000 jin, it is considered a high-yield potato crop. Moreover, potato yield is affected by many factors, such as variety and planting method. Potatoes prefer slightly acidic soil and are afraid of alkaline soil. The suitable pH value should be controlled at around 6.0. If the soil is alkaline, its yield will be reduced.

II. Spring potato planting techniques

1. Select good varieties

Select high-quality, disease-free varieties for planting, which helps improve the quality and yield of potatoes.

2. Cutting seed potatoes and sprouting

Sprouting can generally begin in early March. When cutting seed potatoes, at least ensure that each seed piece has 1 eye. It is advisable to cut each jin of potatoes into 10-15 pieces. After cutting, use carbendazim powder at a 1:200 dilution, mix with water and soak the seed pieces for sterilization and disinfection. Then dry the seed pieces and place them in a seedbed for sprouting.

3. Sprouting method

You can use sand to sprout them in a corner of a room at a room temperature above 15°C, generally 1 layer of sand and 1 layer of seed pieces. You can also dig a pit outdoors in a ventilated, sunny place for sprouting, with a pit depth of about 25cm, then place 1 layer of sand and 1 layer of seed pieces, with no more than 3 layers. Then cover with arched plastic film, and add straw curtains in the evening for insulation. With the above 2 methods, water 1-2 times during the sprouting period. When the young sprouts grow to 0.5-1.0cm, sowing can begin.

4. Land selection and preparation

Before sowing, check the soil moisture. If the moisture is poor, consider irrigating the furrows to build moisture. Moisture building can be done 7-10 days before sowing. Double-furrow planting is common for potatoes. When opening furrows, use 50cm for large rows and 40cm for small rows. They are suitable for planting in loose, fertile soil.

5. Sowing and covering with film

There are two ways to place the seed pieces in the furrow: first, place the sprouts facing down into the pit. In this way, the grown potatoes have long roots and strong seedlings, and the potatoes are fewer in number but larger in size, but emergence is 2-3 days later.

The other method is to place the sprouts facing up into the pit. In this way, the grown potatoes have relatively short roots, and the potatoes are smaller but more numerous, and emergence is 2-3 days earlier. After sowing, dig soil from both sides of the large rows to fill the potato furrows and the gaps in the small rows, then cover with plastic film and gently press it down.

6. Seedling stage management

About 20 days after sowing, the seedlings will gradually emerge from the soil. At this time, you can tear open the plastic film at the sprouting points for ventilation. When the seedlings grow to 10cm high, press the plastic film around the seedlings firmly with soil, which helps retain water and suppress weeds.

Potatoes do not need watering in the early growth stage. You can wait until after flowering to water. If drought and rainless weather occurs during this period, water once every 10 days. Usually 2-3 waterings will be enough for them to mature. Stop watering 10 days before harvest. During the seedling stage, prevent pests such as aphids and thrips.

7. Scientific fertilization

When 80% of the seedlings have emerged from the soil, apply 1 heavy application of quick-acting seedling-promoting fertilizer. During the potato seedling stage, spray Diguo Zhuangdiling to promote potato expansion, smooth fruit surface, robust fruit shape, high quality and high yield. Potatoes like farmyard manure. During the growth period, apply 4000-5000 jin per mu. At the same time, when properly applying chemical fertilizers, coordinate with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Potatoes have a relatively large demand for potassium. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 1.85:1:2.1. Potatoes like to absorb ammonium nitrogen and also absorb a relatively large amount of sulfur.

8. Pest and disease control

Common pests and diseases in the middle and late stages of potatoes include downy mildew, late blight, bacterial wilt, etc. In the early stage of disease onset, use mancozeb at a 500-fold dilution, combined with Xin Gao Zhi Mo, and spray on sunny days when the dew has dried.

If bacterial wilt occurs, remove the entire plant and burn it. Also spread lime around the diseased holes, or irrigate the roots with 0.5% formalin solution for disinfection, then spray agricultural streptomycin at a 2000-fold dilution, combined with Xin Gao Zhi Mo for control, which helps control the spread of pests and diseases.