Detailed Explanation of Yunnan Baiyao Planting Methods and Technical Key Points

AbstractThe main ingredient of Yunnan Baiyao is Panax notoginseng (sanqi). For sanqi cultivation, plump seeds free of pests and diseases should be selected for seedling raising. It can be planted in mountainous land at high elevation with a certain slope. The width of the raised bed is about 1.5m. Base fertilizer can include potassium fertilizer, compound fertilizer and farmyard manure. Then transplant at a density of 30cm between plants and 22-30cm between rows. Water about once every 4 days, topdress in a timely manner, and in the later stage use trichlorfon, mancozeb and the like to control pests and diseases.

I. Planting Time

The main ingredient of Yunnan Baiyao is Panax notoginseng (sanqi). Generally, in the southern regions of China, planting can be carried out in winter from November to December, while in the northern regions of China, planting can be carried out in spring from March to April. The planting time is mainly determined according to different regions.

II. Seed Selection and Land Preparation

1. Plump, pest- and disease-free, robust seeds can be selected for sowing. It can be planted in mountainous land at relatively high elevation, and the land also needs a certain slope, which facilitates later drainage. It can be planted in loose black soil, as this kind of soil has good permeability and high fertility.

2. When preparing the land, beds need to be made and furrows raised. The width of the bed is generally about 1.5m. Then level the bed and spread 30 jin of potassium fertilizer, 50 jin of compound fertilizer and 5000 jin of farmyard manure, and finally wait for sowing.

III. Sowing and Transplanting

1. If the seeds are collected by yourself, then the seeds need to be soaked and disinfected. During this process, the outer peel of the seeds can be rubbed off, and the seeds can be placed into a basin containing a carbendazim solution and soaked for about 20 minutes. Take them out and drain off the water, then put them into plant ash and stir evenly so that the seed coat is evenly covered with plant ash, then place them at a suitable temperature for germination. After most of the seeds have sprouted, sow them.

2. If the seeds are bought from the market, they can be sown directly. The sowing methods include dibbling and drilling. Sowing can be carried out at a spacing of 30cm between plants and 22-30cm between rows. After about 5 days, sprouts will emerge. At this time, the sprouts in the field can be transplanted. Where growth is too dense, some can be appropriately pulled out and transplanted elsewhere. The transplanting density is the same as the sowing density.

IV. Fertilizer and Water Management

1. Sanqi needs a large amount of water during its growth process, so it can be planted in mountainous land with relatively abundant water sources. Water about once every 3-5 days, which helps maintain soil moisture. In the rainy season, drainage needs to be carried out in a timely manner. Since the planting terrain has a slope, drainage is also relatively simple. It is only necessary to clear the field ditches, and the accumulated water can drain out automatically.

2. The entire growth period of sanqi can be divided into 3 stages, and generally 3 fertilizations are needed. The 1st fertilization can be around March, which is the stage when sanqi grows seedlings, and 5000 jin of compound fertilizer can be applied per mu. The 2nd fertilization is the seedling-lifting stage of sanqi, and about 3000 jin of compound fertilizer can be applied per mu. The 3rd is during the root-promoting period of sanqi, and 100 jin of boron fertilizer, 300 jin of potassium fertilizer, 500 jin of phosphate fertilizer and 4000 jin of compound fertilizer can be applied per mu. After each fertilization, watering is needed to prevent fertilizer damage.

V. Pest and Disease Control

1. Aphids and red spiders: trichlorfon or imidacloprid solution can be used for control.

2. Yellow rust and powdery mildew: Bordeaux mixture can be used for spraying.

3. Blight: spray with 500-600 times dilution of 70% mancozeb, once every 3 days, for 3 consecutive sprays.

4. Damping-off: use 1000 times dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl for foliar spraying, once every 2-3 days, and generally 2 sprays can cure it.