What are the new shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques? This article gives you a detailed introduction

AbstractFor the new shiitake mushroom cultivation method, bag cultivation can be chosen; this method can produce mushrooms multiple times a year and can achieve large-scale production. First prepare carbendazim, gypsum, superphosphate, sugar, wheat bran, sawdust and other raw materials, soak the sawdust in limestone for 12 hours, add water according to the ratio, stir, and pile up; after the culture material is fully decomposed, disinfect it, then put the culture material into bags, place it in a culture room at a temperature of 25°C, cultivate the shiitake mushroom mycelium, and then put it on shelves to induce mushroom formation.

I. Advantages of the new shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques

1. The traditional shiitake mushroom cultivation method is relatively simple. Growers often place shiitake mushroom spawn onto the branches of chestnut or other trees, then cover them with plastic film so that the shiitake mushrooms ferment naturally.

2. This method is relatively simple to operate and does not require too much labor, but it results in a low mushroom yield, the spawn is easily infected, and it consumes a large amount of wood.

3. Most new shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques today use bag cultivation, and its advantages are: a safe planting environment, not easily contaminated, cultivation materials that are environmentally friendly and easy to obtain, the ability to produce mushrooms multiple times a year, and the ability to achieve large-scale production.

II. New shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques

1. Prepare raw materials

35 grams of carbendazim, 1 jin of gypsum, 1 jin of superphosphate, 2 jin of sugar, 20 jin of wheat bran, 76 jin of sawdust.

2. Make the cultivation substrate

(1) Soak in a 0.2%-0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 12 hours, or soak the sawdust in 2% limestone for 12 hours.

(2) Mix the culture raw materials evenly according to the above formula, then according to a ratio of 1:1.3, add water, stir, and pile up. The pile width is 1.2-2 m, the height is 1 m-5 m, and the shape is trapezoidal. The length should be chosen according to the amount of raw materials and the site. Pile for about 26 days, and during this period turn the raw materials 4-5 times.

(3) Before putting them into the mushroom house, carry out the first disinfection of the fully decomposed culture material. After putting them into the mushroom house, carry out the second disinfection. This can reduce the incidence of miscellaneous bacteria and pests in the mushroom house, bed frames, and culture material.

(4) Put the disinfected culture material into bags. Cylindrical transparent plastic film bags can be used to hold the culture material. The bag opening should retain a round opening with a diameter of 3 cm, then insert a cotton plug properly to facilitate later inoculation with shiitake mushroom spawn.

(5) Disinfect the bagged culture material again with a steamer. When the temperature cools to about 35°C, it can be moved into the inoculation room to inoculate with shiitake mushroom spawn. During this period, avoid bringing the inoculation opening close to the alcohol lamp.

(6) Put the inoculated culture material into a culture room at a temperature of 25°C, with relative humidity maintained at 60%-65%, then cultivate the shiitake mushroom mycelium. When the surface color of the culture material bag turns yellow, it indicates that about 40% of the mycelium in the culture material inside the bag has turned brown. At this time, the bags can be removed, and then put on shelves to induce mushroom formation.

(7) During the mushroom induction process, methods such as uncovering the film can be used to increase the day-night temperature difference, which is beneficial to the formation of shiitake mushroom fruiting bodies.

(8) When the shiitake mushroom fruiting bodies are at 70%-80%, they can be picked. When picking, avoid damaging the surrounding mushroom blocks and small mushrooms.