A Detailed Guide to Peanut Planting Time and Methods, Beginners Can Grow Them Well Too

AbstractPeanut planting time: in the south it is February to March, in the north it is late April to early May. Planting method: Peanuts can be planted in loose sandy soil; after deep plowing, apply decomposed farmyard manure, then plow again to mix it evenly, then select high-quality seeds for sowing. From May to June, inspect the seedling condition, thin and fill in seedlings in time, and once the seedlings are fully emerged, clear the soil around the plants to promote root development. After the seedlings emerge, hoe and ridge in time. During the pod-filling and full-pod stage of peanuts, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and at the same time apply growth regulators.

1. Peanut planting time

1. In the south, peanuts are suitable for sowing from February to mid-March; in the northern region, they are suitable for sowing from late April to early May; in the Yangtze River Basin, they are suitable for sowing from March to late April.

2. When sowing peanuts, the soil temperature needs to be stable above 15°C for about 5 consecutive days before sowing can begin, to prevent seed rot and seedling death. If the temperature is below 11°C, sowing is not suitable, as peanuts will not emerge, thus affecting later yield.

2. Peanut planting methods

1. Land preparation and fertilization

(1) Peanuts are an economic crop that bears fruit underground, so they should be planted in loose sandy or oil-sand soil.

(2) After choosing the planting site, deep plow the soil, then apply about 30-40 tons of decomposed farmyard manure per hectare, then plow again to mix the fertilizer evenly with the soil. If conditions permit, water first, then mix chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure evenly and apply them into the furrow, and finally form ridges and press them down before sowing.

2. Selecting varieties

(1) To achieve high yield, suitable excellent varieties should be selected for planting. High-yielding peanut varieties include the Jifu series and the Fuhua series, with a growth period of about 110-120 days.

(2) Before planting, select pods that are not damaged, relatively large and plump, and relatively uniform in shape as seeds. Dry the selected seeds in the sun for about 1-3 days, then shell them and further screen them, selecting seeds with uniform shape and pure grain color as seeds.

3. Reasonable fertilization

Peanuts have a relatively strong tolerance to poor soil. First apply sufficient base fertilizer; about 30 tons of farmyard manure can be applied per hectare, together with about 300-400 jin of diammonium phosphate. If peanuts are planted in poor soil, about 200-300 jin of urea also needs to be applied per hectare as a top dressing.

4. Filling in and thinning seedlings

Generally, after peanuts are sown well, the field seedling condition can be inspected from late May to early June. If missing seedlings are found, they should be replanted in time. Thinning and final thinning of seedlings can be carried out by soaking seeds to promote sprouting and planting with water.

5. Clearing soil around plants to promote root development

After all peanut seedlings have emerged, at a position 2 cm around the seedlings, use your hands to pull and hoe a ring of soil around the seedlings, then gently pull out the two cotyledons. Generally, about 3 days after the first hoeing and ridging, the soil can be cleared around the plants to promote root development.

6. Timely hoeing and ridging

Generally, hoeing can begin after the seedlings emerge. About 3 days after hoeing, ridge the first time. The second hoeing and ridging is after 15-20 days. Be sure to cultivate soil in time, and do not press the seedlings. After the peak flowering period ends, the third hoeing and ridging can be done. To make it easier for pegs to penetrate the soil, when closing the rows, ridge into square-headed ridges, and remove large weeds in time.

7. Timely top dressing

During the pod-setting and full-pod stage of peanuts, according to the plant's growth condition, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied by spraying on the leaf surface, and at the same time plant growth regulators such as Lufeng 95 can be applied. This helps promote grain formation.

8. Timely harvesting

Generally, harvesting is carried out in mid-September. When the peanut leaves turn yellow and some stems and leaves become dry and withered, they can be harvested.