What are the technical measures for high-yield corn cultivation?

SummarySelection of plot: choose a plot with flat terrain, deep soil layer and loose texture. Seed selection: do not use seeds from the previous year. Base fertilizer: apply farmyard manure, calcium superphosphate, urea, potassium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer in a single banded application into the field. Sowing: carry out in February-March, with a sowing density of about 4500-5500 plants per mu. Topdressing: at the seedling stage, apply 20 jin of urea per mu; about 60 days after sowing, apply 80 jin of urea as topdressing, and water at the same time as topdressing. Seedling stage management: thin and fill in seedlings in time.

1. Selection of plot

Choose to plant in a plot with flat terrain, deep soil layer, loose texture and good permeability, so that a relatively high yield can be harvested.

2. Use of good seeds

The corn currently planted is all hybrid seed, which in plain terms means it is grown for 1 year, so the seed cannot be saved. Hybrid seed mainly uses the advantages of the variety to improve corn quality, yield, disease resistance and stress resistance, so when selecting seed, do not choose seed from the previous year, as such seed has a relatively low germination rate.

3. Applying sufficient base fertilizer

Base fertilizer is mainly applied as a combination of farmyard manure, calcium superphosphate, urea, potassium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer: 2000-3000 jin of farmyard manure, 60 jin of calcium superphosphate, 12 jin of urea and 4 jin of zinc fertilizer, which can be applied in a single banded application into the field.

4. Early application of seedling fertilizer

When the seedling leaves have 6-7 leaves, 20 jin of urea can be applied, using the ring application method, evenly applied beside the corn plants. When applying, the urea should be 3-4cm away from the plants and must not be applied directly on the plants. Fertilizing is suitable in clear weather; if the climate is too dry, water at the same time as topdressing.

5. Heavy application of jointing fertilizer

Fertilizing can be carried out about 60 days after sowing, that is, when the number of corn leaves is 11-12, and 80 jin of urea can be applied. After applying base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer, the remaining potassium fertilizer can also be applied. The fertilizing method is the same as that for seedling topdressing, and it should be carried out by the ring application method, during which watering can be done according to soil conditions.

6. Timely sowing

Corn generally begins to be sown in mid-to-late February and is basically fully sown by the end of March. During this period, the temperature is also stable at 10-12°C, so it is still very suitable for sowing corn.

7. Reasonable close planting

The suitable sowing density per mu is about 4500-5500 plants. If the density is too low or too high, it will affect corn yield. Corn can be sown in double rows, mainly with 1.2 m furrow width, and a plant spacing of about 25-30cm.

8. Seedling stage management

1. Management: mainly checking seedlings and filling in missing ones, thinning seedlings and fixing seedlings. After corn emerges, check and fill in seedlings in time, mainly to avoid seedlings crowding each other, competing for light and fertilizer, and wasting nutrients and water.

2. Filling in seedlings: transplanted seedlings need to retain 3 leaves. If the transplanted seedlings are too large, the survival rate will be low. After filling in seedlings, apply 1 round of water and fertilizer.

3. Thinning: when corn grows to 3-4 leaves, thin the seedlings in stages. Thinning should remove the dense and keep the sparse, remove the small and keep the large, remove diseased plants and keep vigorous seedlings. Generally, when the number of leaves is 4-5, the seedlings in all field plots can be fixed.

9. Pest and disease control

The main pest at the seedling stage is the cutworm, which bites through the root and stem base of seedlings, causing plant death and missing hills and broken rows. During this period, 50% cartap wettable powder can be mixed with roasted rice bran or wheat bran at a ratio of 1:50, and then scattered in the corn plot to trap and kill the larvae.

10. Cultivation management

Corn cultivation management can be carried out together with topdressing at the seedling stage and jointing stage. When corn grows to 6.5-7 leaves, small hilling can be carried out together with topdressing; when corn grows to 11-12 leaves, large hilling can be carried out together with jointing topdressing.