How to Grow Mushrooms? Detailed Explanation of the Growing Method
SummaryPrepare the mushroom house: a greenhouse mushroom house can be built in a place with good ventilation, and the ground should be finished with cement. Compost the nutrient material: carry out the nutrient material composting in July, and it can ferment successfully in about 15 days. Disinfection and sterilization: thoroughly disinfect the mushroom house; after spreading the nutrient material, close the doors and windows, adjust the temperature inside the shed to about 60°C, then after 3 hours lower it to about 50°C, and keep it for 7 days. Inoculation and casing soil: when the temperature of the nutrient material drops to 25°C, inoculation can be carried out, and the thickness of the nutrient material needs to reach about 15cm.
I. Prepare the Mushroom House
Before growing mushrooms, the mushroom house needs to be built well. At present, the more common mushroom houses are built with greenhouses. The mushroom house needs to be chosen in a place with high terrain, flat and open, and good ventilation. The greenhouse needs to be made of scattered-light material, and the ground can be finished with cement, which makes later washing convenient. Inside the mushroom house, mushroom beds can be built with wooden blocks, bricks, and iron sheets, and then windows or rolling blinds should be left, which is good for ventilation and air exchange.
II. Compost the Nutrient Material
The nutrient material components for growing mushrooms include livestock manure, rice straw, wheat straw, bran, corn stalks, etc. The nutrient material composting can be carried out around July. During this period, the manure needs to be sun-dried, the other materials cut up, and then an appropriate amount of gypsum mixed in, soaked thoroughly with water, and then piled up for fermentation in layers of one layer of grass material and one layer of manure. Every 3-4 days in between, the pile needs to be turned once, and after about 15 days it can ferment successfully.
III. Disinfection and Sterilization
After the nutrient material composting is completed, first the mushroom house needs to be thoroughly disinfected and sterilized, then the nutrient material is placed on the mushroom beds and spread well, the doors and windows of the mushroom house are closed, and the indoor temperature needs to be raised to about 60°C. After 3 hours, lower the temperature to about 50°C and keep this temperature for about 7 days, so that the nutrient material fully ferments, and at the same time the nutrient material can also be disinfected and sterilized, so that only beneficial microorganisms remain in the nutrient material, which helps the mushrooms grow more robustly.
IV. Inoculation and Casing Soil
When the temperature of the nutrient material drops to about 25°C, mushroom inoculation can be carried out. During this period, the nutrient material on the mushroom beds should be leveled, and the thickness of the nutrient material on each mushroom bed should reach about 15cm. Generally, inoculation can be carried out by the hole-broadcasting method, with a spacing of about 10cm between each plant. If you want its mycelium growth to be faster, you can sow a little more densely. After inoculation, the nutrient material needs to be kept at suitable humidity, and the ventilation of the mushroom house should be improved. Finally, spread fine fertile soil evenly on top of the nutrient material, and wait for the mushrooms to grow mycelium.
V. Mushroom Fruiting Management
Mushroom fruiting management has a great influence on the quality and yield of mushrooms. Among these, the more important ones are temperature management and water management. In the early fruiting stage, the humidity of the nutrient material should be kept at about 70%, and later it can gradually return to about 80%-90%. During this period, watering needs to be done in small amounts and many times. The temperature during the mycelium growth period in the fruiting house needs to be kept at about 10°C-18°C, and during the fruiting period the temperature can be raised to about 20°C-28°C, which helps speed up fruiting. When the mushrooms grow to a certain size, they can be harvested.