When to plant bush beans? Detailed planting methods
SummaryBush bean planting methods: after selecting and preparing the land, apply about 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, about 40 kg of superphosphate, and about 10 kg of potassium sulfate per mu, sow at a plant spacing of 30-35 cm, and later water and fertilize according to plant growth. During flowering, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves. Planting time: sowing time varies slightly by region; generally sow in spring from February to April, and in autumn from August to September.
I. Planting Methods
1. Soil treatment
(1) First, do a good job of selecting and preparing the land. Because the growth period of bush beans is relatively short, choose high-quality varieties that are early-maturing, heat-tolerant, disease-resistant, highly adaptable, and intermediate-type or short-day-type in response to photoperiod, and that bear pods relatively concentratedly with a relatively high pod-setting rate.
(2) Per mu, apply 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer, 40 kg of superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium sulfate. During this period, do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer. If the local soil is acidic, a small amount of lime can be scattered into the soil.
2. Reasonable sowing
You can choose to use Xinguozhimo to dress the seeds, which helps increase the seed germination rate. Then, according to a bed width plan of 130 cm (including furrow), plant 2 rows, with a plant spacing of 30-35 cm. For direct sowing, plastic film can be used instead, with 2-3 plants per hole.
3. Fertilizer and water management
(1) During the growth period of bush beans, water and fertilize reasonably according to plant requirements. For topdressing, grasp the principle of applying less before flowering, more after flowering, and heavily during the peak pod-setting stage.
(2) When fertilizing, go from light to concentrated, usually applying 4 times. In summer when the weather is hot, spray water in an appropriate amount to ensure the soil remains moist.
4. Flowering period management
(1) Flower bud differentiation in bush beans begins at the seedling stage, usually starting 20-25 days after sowing, but the flowering date is 35-40 days after sowing.
(2) Flowering and pod setting occur only when the accumulated underground temperature reaches 700-800 degrees Celsius (860-1150 degrees Celsius for vining types). The flowering period is 12-19 days (25-44 days for vining types).
(3) Before flowering, use a 1500-fold dilution of Nongyou Flowering Essence, or 5-25 mg per liter of gibberellin solution, and spray it on the leaves and stem tips, which helps promote flowering and increase pod setting.
(4) During flowering, spray the inflorescences with 5-25 mg per liter of b-naphthaleneacetic acid solution, or spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves, which can avoid flower and pod drop.
5. Timely harvest
(1) Generally, tender pods can be harvested about 10-15 days after flowering, but when the temperature is relatively low, about 15-20 days. Harvest when the pods change from flat to round, the color changes from dark green to light green, and the surface is glossy.
(2) Overall, from sowing to harvest, bush beans take about 50-55 days in autumn sowing and about 55-65 days in spring sowing. The general yield per mu is about 1000 kg.
II. Planting Time
1. The planting time of bush beans is the same as that of common beans: sow in spring from February to April, and in autumn from August to September.
2. In Northeast China, the sowing date is generally delayed by 1-2 months, from late April to mid-May. Most areas in Northwest and North China sow in April.
3. The northern plateau region sows in early May, East China is half a month later, sowing from late March to early April, while most areas in Central China and Southwest China sow from late February to early March. Therefore, the sowing time also differs from place to place.