Detailed Guide to Soybean Planting Methods and Sowing Time

SummaryPlowing and land preparation: After harvesting vegetables, plow the soil on a sunny day, and after plowing, divide into beds 2-3 m wide and open furrows. Seed selection and disinfection: Select high-quality seeds and mix them evenly with lindane powder. Preparing to plant: Level the soil by plowing, water once 2 days before planting, and use machinery to spray herbicide. Planting time: From late March to early April in spring, start planting when the daily average temperature is 10-12°C. Reasonable fertilization: Apply an appropriate amount of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and farmyard organic fertilizer.

I. Plowing and Land Preparation

1. When planting spring-sown soybeans in the field, plow the soil before winter sets in. After plowing, divide it into beds 2-3 m wide, then open the bed furrows, surrounding furrows and waist furrows well. When the weather is clear in spring, carry out fine tillage. The soil is required to be fine and crumbly with no hidden clods, and the bed surface level with no pits.

2. During this period, planting can be done on dry plots left idle in winter, and plowing should be carried out before winter sets in. For dry plots where vegetables are grown in winter, after the vegetables are harvested, plow the soil when the weather is clear. After plowing, divide into beds 2-3 m wide and open furrows, and carry out fine tillage.

II. Seed Selection and Disinfection

1. High-quality soybean seeds have a relatively high germination rate and also help the seedlings grow uniformly and robustly. Therefore, before planting, pick out diseased seeds, small seeds, shriveled seeds, insect-damaged seeds and broken seeds, and select high-quality seeds for planting.

2. During this period, seeds can be evenly mixed with 0.1-0.15% phoxim, or 0.7% lindane powder, or 0.3-0.4% carbendazim plus thiram, or 0.3-0.5% carbendazim plus captan.

III. Preparing to Plant

1. Before planting soybeans, first level-plow, harrow the stubble, ridge-cultivate and subsoil the soil. For plots with poor conditions, water once 2 days before planting, generally just enough to moisten the soil, which helps increase the germination rate of soybean seeds after planting.

2. If soybeans are planted on a large scale, improper management can easily lead to weeds growing everywhere, so herbicide can be applied by machinery before planting.

IV. Planting Time

1. Start planting when the average daily soil temperature reaches 10-12°C. Generally, the suitable planting period is from late March to early April in spring. When planting, holes need to be dug, generally with a row spacing of 27-33 cm and a hole spacing of 17-20 cm. 4 seeds can be sown per hole, generally by shallow sowing, then covered with 3-4 cm of soil.

2. The planting density should be determined according to the characteristics of the soybean variety and the water and fertilizer conditions. Early-maturing varieties can be planted at an average of 30,000-40,000 plants per mu, mid-maturing varieties at 25,000-35,000 plants per mu, and late-maturing varieties at about 20,000 plants per mu.

V. Reasonable Fertilization

Per mu, 36 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 400 kg of farmyard organic fertilizer can be applied, and for those with poor soil conditions, 100 kg of urea needs to be applied.