How to Treat Soilborne Diseases of Cowpea? A Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
Cowpea is a common vegetable in China, grown in almost every region, but during cultivation, soilborne diseases can occur. So how do you treat soilborne diseases of cowpea?
1. How to treat soilborne diseases of cowpea?
Soilborne diseases of cowpea can be effectively controlled with a 1000-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, or a 400-fold dilution of 10% shuangxiaoling aqueous solution, or a 1000-fold dilution of 75% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, drenching 50-150 grams per plant, once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive applications. Alternatively, mix 500 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder with 200 kg of dry soil and apply it in furrows along the sowing rows, at 200 kg per mu.
2. What are soilborne diseases?
Soilborne diseases refer to diseases caused by pathogens that live in the soil and, when conditions are suitable, infect crops through the roots or stems. Nowadays, many crops develop soilborne diseases during growth, but the symptoms vary greatly from one crop to another.
3. What causes soilborne diseases?
1. Continuous cropping
Continuous cropping is the main human factor in the formation of diseased soil. The main reason is that growing the same type of crop continuously allows certain pathogens to reproduce year after year and accumulate in large amounts in the soil, forming diseased soil and causing disease every year.
For example, continuous cropping of solanaceous vegetables leads to severe outbreaks of phytophthora blight and fusarium wilt; continuous cropping of watermelon leads to severe fusarium wilt; continuous cropping of ginger can cause severe ginger blast; and continuous cropping of strawberry for more than two years results in 30%-50% dead seedlings.
2. Improper fertilization
Improper fertilization: heavy application of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, can stimulate the growth of Fusarium, Verticillium and Rhizoctonia fungi among soilborne pathogens, thereby worsening the occurrence of soilborne diseases.
3. Nematode damage
Nematode damage: soil nematodes are closely related to disease. Soil nematodes can cause wounds on plant roots, which facilitate pathogen infection and worsen the disease; nematodes and fungal diseases often occur at the same time.