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Key Technical Points for Watering, Cultivation, and Weeding of Lilies
During the seedling stage and after flowering of lilies, the water supply can be appropriately reduced, but during the peak growth period, more water should be added. In times of drought, irrigation is needed. In summer, watering is generally done in the early morning or evening, and the amount of water applied at one time should not be too much, with the soil layer being thoroughly wet as the appropriate standard. When irrigating through furrows, the water is only required to be level with the surface of the raised beds. In areas with relatively high rainfall, drainage should be carried out promptly to prevent waterlogging damage to lilies. Throughout the life of lilies, cultivation and weeding should be carried out several times, generally after irrigation or rain. Before winter, the field should be thoroughly cleaned, and the soil should be cultivated and loosened.
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Methods and Technical Key Points for Controlling Pests and Diseases of Oyster Mushrooms
In oyster mushroom cultivation, pests and diseases are a stumbling block. Recognizing and promptly controlling them is of great significance for normal production. Once pests and diseases are discovered, if measures are not taken in time, they will seriously affect oyster mushroom yields and sometimes cause total crop failure. Therefore, superior and highly resistant strains should be selected, scientific management should be strengthened, and environmental conditions that favor the growth of the mushroom fungus while disfavoring the reproduction of pests and diseases should be created, so as to prevent trouble before it happens. The following are introductions to the control methods for some common pests and diseases: 1. Diseases. Diseases commonly fall into the following two categories: (1) During the cultivation process,
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Yellow Blotch Disease of Oyster Mushrooms
Control methods: [1]The mushroom house facilities must be thoroughly disinfected; removable support materials should be taken down, brushed or soaked in bleaching powder solution and then sun-dried, with bleaching powder used at 1:150 parts water; the floor and space should be sprayed with 1:50 Jinxing disinfectant solution. [2]The compost and fermented material must be thoroughly processed, and the casing soil material should be fumigated with formaldehyde (for specific operation methods, see the control methods for mushroom Mycogone perniciosa written by our factory). [3]Ventilation must be maintained inside the mushroom house, and the relative air humidity inside the mushroom house should be appropriately reduced so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the shed drops
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Processing Method and Key Technical Points for Oyster Mushroom and Shredded Kelp
Ingredients: 300 g fresh oyster mushrooms, 200 g rehydrated kelp, 50 g carrot, 20 g soy sauce, 10 g cooking wine, 3 g refined salt, 2 g monosodium glutamate (MSG), 10 g scallion, 5 g ginger, 15 g water starch, 5 g sesame oil, 50 g oil, an appropriate amount of clear fresh broth. Method: Wash the oyster mushrooms, remove the root bases, blanch briefly in boiling water, scoop into cold water to cool, squeeze out the water, and cut into shreds. Wash the kelp, cut into shreds, blanch briefly in a pot of boiling water, remove and drain off the water. Wash the carrot and cut into shreds.
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Detailed Explanation of the Key Technical Points for the Four-in-Pit Companion Planting Method of Gastrodia elata
The sexual reproduction four-in-pit companion planting method for Gastrodia elata involves placing Gastrodia elata seeds, germination-promoting fungi, Armillaria mellea spawn, and fungal wood together into a pit for companion planting, which is called the four-in-pit companion planting method. This companion planting method saves labor, saves time, increases Gastrodia elata yield, and also saves wood, yielding double benefits, and is worth promoting. 1. Selection, Retention and Storage of Seed Tubers Select and retain arrow tubers with plump top arrow buds, fresh, free of injuries, free of pests and diseases, and weighing about 200 g, spread them out to air-dry, and after the surface moisture has dried, store them for use in spring planting. Both indoor and outdoor storage are acceptable; the key is to prevent freezing injury
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Detailed Explanation of the Key Technical Points of the Fixed Bacterial Material Companion Planting Method for Gastrodia elata
The fixed bacterial material companion planting method for Gastrodia elata, also called the fixed material cultivation method, uses pits or boxes to cultivate 2 to 3 layers of bacterial material before planting the gastrodia. When planting, first remove the covering from the pit or box, take out the upper bacterial sticks layer by layer, leave the bottom layer of bacterial sticks undisturbed, then gently pull out the middle bacterial sticks, leaving one and skipping one, replace them with new wooden sticks, and plant the seed gastrodia close against both sides and both ends of the bacterial sticks. The spacing for planting large white gastrodia is 20 to 25 cm, for medium white gastrodia 7 to 9 cm, for small white gastrodia 4 to 6 cm, and rice gastrodia is broadcast scattered. Be careful to place the gastrodia seed close to where the fungal strands of the seedlings are dense. After planting the gastrodia, cover with soil
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Key Technical Points and Methods for Gastrodia elata Management in Winter and Spring
After November, as temperatures gradually drop, the new Gastrodia elata tubers stop growing, their size becomes fixed, and they enter dormancy directly, so low-temperature freezing damage should be prevented. In particular, the arrow tubers (Jianma) are easily damaged by freezing during overwintering. It is best to use arrow tubers for medicinal purposes when harvesting Gastrodia elata in winter, and to sow or store the small tubers (Mima) and white tubers (Baima) in time for spring planting. If they are not harvested in winter, cold-protection measures must be taken before freezing, such as covering with tree leaves to keep warm and prevent freezing, and removing them the following spring to facilitate growth. The temperature should be maintained at 1-5°C, and the humidity should be maintained at 30%.
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Key Technical Points and Detailed Methods for the Breeding of Improved Tea Varieties
There are many methods for breeding superior tea varieties, mainly including systematic selection, crossbreeding, artificial mutation breeding, and introduction and acclimatization. (1) Systematic selection: also called single-plant selection. That is, according to the breeding objective, superior single plants are selected from the selection materials, each single plant is separately propagated vegetatively, and compared and identified with the standard variety and the original population variety; the superior ones are cultivated into new varieties for propagation and promotion. Its steps: ① Primary selection: according to the breeding objective and the correlation between tea plant traits, select a number of superior single plants in the tea garden, mark and number them for observation;
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Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Greenhouse Tea Plant Cultivation and Management
Covering tea gardens with plastic greenhouses is an important cultivation and management technique for advancing the harvest time of famous premium tea, improving quality, and significantly increasing economic benefits. The main function of the greenhouse is to preserve heat and prevent frost and freezing damage. Generally, the film is erected and covered from late October to late December of the previous year before frost arrives, and can be uncovered in early to mid-April of the following year. Greenhouse environment management: the temperature most suitable for tea growth inside the greenhouse is 20°C-25°C, with the maximum not exceeding 30°C and the minimum not falling below 8°C. On sunny days at noon, the temperature inside the greenhouse may exceed 30°C, and at this time the door must be opened
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Annual pruning methods and technical key points for mature tea plants
In order to maintain the vigorous growth of tea plants, preserve a good population structure of the canopy over the long term, facilitate operation and management, and extend the high-yield years of tea plants, in addition to strengthening fertilizer and cultivation management, regulation must also be carried out through annual pruning. The main purposes are to level the canopy surface, make the sprouting positions relatively uniform, regulate the number and weight of buds, control tree height, stimulate the sprouting of the next round of tea, and improve the quality of fresh leaves. The depth of light pruning should be determined according to tea variety, tree age, climatic conditions, tea garden management level, and tree vigor. Pruning should be shallow for strong and healthy tree vigor; simply cutting off 3 to
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