-
How to raise earthworms in winter? Master the techniques of heat preservation and freeze protection
Summary During breeding, cut off the shade around the worm bed. After 10 a.m. on sunny days, reduce the covering to a thinner level so sunlight can reach the material bed, then cover it again after 4 p.m. In winter, heat preservation measures need to be taken. You can use double-layer film with 1 layer of straw curtain sandwiched in between, which is 6degC warmer than covering with 1 layer of thin
-
Cost Budget for Free-Range Pig Farming in Mountain Forests, Plus Enclosure Farming Techniques and Winter Precautions
Abstract The cost of generally raising 10 free-range pigs in mountain forests is about 85,000 yuan. The enclosure line for the mountain should be made according to the actual area. Stone strips plus wire mesh can be used for farming, so the pigs are less likely to be harmed by some animals and can also be prevented from escaping. A
-
Detailed Explanation of Pollution-Free Fertilization Technical Specifications for Yam Cultivation
① Propagation technology: Yam propagation is divided into two types: sexual propagation and asexual propagation. Sexual propagation is mainly used for crossbreeding to obtain new high-yield, high-quality variety types; because it requires a long time, it is generally not suitable for use in production. Asexual propagation includes tuber cutting propagation methods, top
-
Methods for controlling freeze injury in sweet potato cultivation
Sweet potato freeze injury, also called hard-heart sweet potato. [Disease diagnosis] When storage roots are frozen, at first the skin color shows no obvious difference from healthy roots, only slightly losing its luster. Later, the skin can be seen to take on a slightly dark, lusterless appearance; pressing the frozen part lightly with a finger gives a springy feeling; cutting open a frozen sweet potato shows that the flesh near the skin rapidly turns brown, does not exude white milky sap, and squeezing it by hand releases clear water. Generally, based on the speed at which the flesh turns brown, the degree of freezing can be estimated; the faster the browning, the more severe the freezing. Frostbitten storage roots often form a hard heart, taste bitter, and will not cook soft. After storage roots are frozen, they are easily attacked by weakly parasitic fungi, causing rot. ⟦4 <p>Sweet potato freeze injury, also called hard-heart sweet potato. </p><p></p><p>[Disease diagnosis] When storage roots are frozen, at first the skin color shows no obvious difference from healthy roots, only slightly losing luster. Later, the skin can be seen to take on a slightly dark, lusterless appearance; pressing the frozen part lightly with a finger gives a springy feeling; cutting open a frozen sweet potato shows that the flesh near the skin rapidly turns brown, does not exude white milky sap, and squeezing it by hand releases clear water. Generally, based on the speed at which the flesh turns brown, the degree of freezing can be estimated; the faster the browning, the more severe the freezing. Frostbitten storage roots often form a hard heart, taste bitter, and will not cook soft. After storage roots are frozen, they are easily attacked by weakly parasitic fungi, causing rot. </p><p>[Cause] When storage roots are exposed to a low-temperature environment below 9°C for a relatively long time, their physiological functions are disrupted, the flesh tissue is frostbitten, a hard core forms, and the skin and tissue become necrotic. However, after freezing, a period of time must pass before rotting begins. The lower the temperature, the more severe the freeze injury. The longer the low temperature lasts, the more severe the freeze injury. When storage roots suffer freeze injury, rotting generally has two peaks: one is when harvesting is too late in production and the roots freeze in the field, called freeze injury outside the storage pit, and rotting begins about 15 days after being put into the pit; the other is during the middle and late stages of pit storage, when freezing occurs because the pit is shallow or cold protection and insulation are poor and the pit temperature is low, followed by rotting. Generally, at 4-5°C, rotting begins after lasting half a month, and at 6-7°C, rotting occurs only after 1 month. </p><p>[Control measures] (1) Harvest and put into the pit at the proper time to prevent storage roots from freezing. The suitable harvest time for sweet potato should be when the local average temperature of the ten-day period drops to about 14-15°C. Harvest promptly on a sunny day, and the storage roots should be put into the pit on the day of harvest. (2) Disinfect the storage pit. Before the storage roots are put into the pit, a layer of soil should be scraped from the walls of an old pit, and then chemicals should be used for disinfection: fumigate with 30-40 milliliters of 402 water-based fungicide per cubic meter of space, or spray the walls around the pit with a 50-fold formalin solution; in either case, it must be sealed for two days, then opened for ventilation, and used after another two days. (3) Carefully select storage roots. Any storage roots that are diseased, insect-bitten, or frostbitten by frost should be removed and must not be put into the pit. (4) During harvesting, transport, and pit storage, handle them carefully, lifting and setting them down gently, and prevent wounds as much as possible. (5) Manage the temperature and humidity of the storage pit well. To prevent storage roots from freezing and ensure safe storage, the pit temperature should be kept at 11-13°C and the relative humidity at 75%-80%.</p>
-
How to control weeds in pollution-free sweet potato cultivation?
Commonly used herbicides for sweet potato are as follows: (1) Caochangmie (Leikela) 70% wettable powder, 3000-3750 grams per hectare mixed with 450-600 liters of water, applied before planting sweet potato or immediately after planting. Mainly controls Alopecurus aequalis, crabgrass, barnyardgrass, foxtail, ryegrass, goosefoot, smartweed,
-
Integrated Control of Diseases, Pests and Weeds in Pollution-Free Sweet Potato Cultivation
(1) Carefully select seed tubers. Choose tuber pieces free of disease, insects and injuries as seed tubers. (2) Chemical treatment of seed tubers (omitted). (3) Storage cellar management. Store the seed tubers in a sterile cellar; preferably use a new cellar. If an old cellar is used, first scrape off the cellar walls, then fumigate with 15 g of sulfur per sq m. After the tubers
-
Detailed Explanation of Key Points for Virus-Free Sweet Potato Cultivation Techniques
Virus-free sweet potatoes differ from ordinary sweet potato varieties, and their cultivation techniques also differ. The cultivation techniques are introduced as follows: 1. Ridging and early planting. Virus-free sweet potatoes have strong drought tolerance and vigorous growth. After the wheat harvest, ridges should be made as early as possible to strive for early planting. 2. Formula fertilization. For dry and infertile land, apply 5000 kg of farmyard manure, 30-40 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 15-20 kg of potassium sulfate, and 40-50 kg of superphosphate per mu; for medium to above-medium fertility fields, apply 3000-4000 kg of farmyard manure, 20-30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, and 30 kg of superphosphate per mu. In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, it is also necessary to apply hole fertilizer, seedling-promoting fertilizer, tuber-promoting fertilizer, and later-stage foliar topdressing, etc.
-
How to Take Emergency Protective Measures When a Navel Orange Orchard Suffers Freeze Damage
Reporter Yan Zhangwen reports: With the weather continuing cold and rainy, can navel orange trees withstand it? On the morning of January 28, the reporter conducted a telephone interview with Fang Yiwen, director of the Municipal Citrus Science Research Institute. Director Fang Yiwen, who was observing freeze damage on site, told the reporter that in parts of Ningdu, Yudu, Ganxian and other places in the north and central regions, some navel orange orchards at higher altitudes have already suffered freezing damage, with ice forming on the leaves; as temperatures drop, the freezing line will continue to advance toward the southern areas, posing a greater threat to navel orange trees. According to the weather forecast, the rain, snow and freezing weather will continue until the end of this month, and temperatures will continue to drop. There is no time to lose in doing a good job of protecting orchards against freezing, and Fang Yiwen urged the broad community of fruit growers to immediately implement the following emergency measures.
-
Detailed Explanation of Key Production Techniques for Pollution-Free Pomegranate
I. Site Selection Environmental Conditions: Annual average temperature above 9°C; annual rainfall of 300-1000mm; fertile soil with organic matter content above 1%, soil layer over 60cm, groundwater level below 1m; soil pH 6.5-7.5, total salt content below 0.3%; slope less than
-
Off-season Pollution-free Cultivation Techniques for Muskmelon
1. Variety Selection Choose early-to-mid-maturing varieties, such as Elizabeth and Western Shipping and other excellent muskmelon varieties. These varieties have good flavor, wide adaptability, and strong stress resistance, and generally can achieve a yield of 1500-2000 kg per mu. 2. Seedling Raising Choose a field with higher terrain and loose, fertile soil as the seedbed.
条件筛选