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Symptom Identification of Several Major Diseases of Oyster Mushrooms
(1) White rot: The pathogen is Mycogone perniciosa, which harms the fruiting bodies. After the mushroom bodies are contaminated, it causes rot and produces a putrid odor. (2) Brown spot disease: The pathogen is Verticillium fungicola. After its spores infect the fruiting bodies of oyster mushrooms, brown spots first form on the caps, gradually expand, and produce grayish-white depressions. After the mushroom bodies are damaged, they become deformed, and the stipes become swollen or curved, but they do not rot, and finally dry up and die. (3) Mucor soft rot: The pathogen is Mucor. It generally occurs when the fruiting bodies are fully mature
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What causes deformed oyster mushrooms?
The occurrence of deformed oyster mushrooms should be largely related to the large temperature difference between day and night. Since the onset of winter, temperatures have remained low. To make oyster mushrooms grow quickly, many mushroom growers deliberately raise the shed temperature during the day. Generally, after about three in the afternoon, because ventilation continues, the temperature inside the shed begins to drop rapidly. Since most of the mushroom sheds currently in use are rather simple and poor at retaining heat, at night the temperature can fall to 4-5°C or even lower. Because the temperature is low, the substrate temperature is low. Therefore, the ability of the mycelium to transport nutrients is very poor, and during the day, when the temperature is briefly higher,
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What to Do About Deformed Oyster Mushrooms? A Detailed Guide to Symptom-Specific Prevention and Control
During oyster mushroom production, inadequate management measures and unsuitable environmental conditions often easily lead to the formation of deformed mushrooms. In production, the causes of deformed mushroom formation should be identified and effective prevention and control measures taken. 1. Spherical or flask-shaped: The stipe of the oyster mushroom is spherical or flask-shaped, the surface is uneven or twisted into a wave-like shape, and the cap cannot form, with only a very small point or obvious icicle-like stripes. This is caused by viral infection, and should be prevented and controlled by spraying or smearing with Virus K, Virus A, or Xiaojunling. 2. Cauliflower-shaped: The fruiting bodies of the oyster mushroom
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Causes and Control Methods of Deformed Oyster Mushrooms
Deformed mushrooms are a relatively common physiological disorder in oyster mushroom production, severely affecting the yield and quality of oyster mushrooms, and even causing them to completely lose their commercial value. This disorder is mainly caused by improper management, and in a few cases by strain degeneration, mutation, or viral infection. The main types of deformed mushrooms are: 1. Tall-stemmed mushroom: the cap is small, differentiation is poor, and the stem is relatively long. The cause is that during the primordium formation and differentiation stage, the mushroom house is short of oxygen, light is insufficient, and the temperature is relatively high, which affects the normal differentiation and development of the cap. Control methods: strengthen ventilation, adjust light and temperature
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Control Methods and Technical Key Points for Yellow Blotch Disease of Oyster Mushrooms
Control methods: [1]The mushroom house facilities must be thoroughly disinfected; removable support materials should be taken down, brushed or soaked in bleaching powder solution and then sun-dried, with bleaching powder used at 1:150 parts water; the floor and space should be sprayed with 1:50 Jinxing disinfectant solution. [2]The compost and fermented material must be thoroughly processed, and the casing soil material should be fumigated with formaldehyde (for specific operation methods, see the control methods for mushroom Mycogone perniciosa written by our factory). [3]Ventilation must be maintained inside the mushroom house, and the relative air humidity inside the mushroom house should be appropriately reduced so that the carbon dioxide concentration in the shed drops
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Causes and Control Methods of Yellow Mushroom Disease in Oyster Mushrooms
In recent years, the cultivated area of oyster mushrooms has continued to increase, but due to poor management by growers, weak awareness of disease prevention, and other reasons, the incidence of yellow mushroom disease in oyster mushrooms has shown an upward trend year by year. In some mushroom sheds, after one flush of mushrooms, no more mushrooms appear for a long time; in others, the small mushrooms that do appear turn yellow before growing up, then shrivel and die, leading to a decline in oyster mushroom quality and making it difficult to increase yield. For this reason, the author studied the causes of the disease and integrated control techniques, and reports as follows: 1. Disease symptoms. Yellow mushroom disease mostly starts from the caps of young mushrooms or the junction between the stipe and cap of small mushrooms. After onset, pale yellow spots appear on the caps of young mushrooms or in the depressions of the caps of small mushrooms. The young mushroom bodies become sticky, stop growing, and die; small mushroom bodies grow slowly and lose elasticity, breaking apart at the slightest touch, after which the mushroom bodies become sticky and shrivel, giving off a foul rotting odor. The disease spreads rapidly, causing the cultivation substrate surface to become sticky and cease producing mushrooms.
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What are the symptoms of yellow blotch disease in oyster mushrooms?
Yellow blotch disease of oyster mushrooms is a disease caused by Pseudomonas bacteria, which shows a negative reaction to Gram staining. This disease is a bacterial disease, it is widely present in nature, and it attacks both oyster mushrooms and button mushrooms. Symptoms: In the early stage of infection, small speckled yellow diseased areas appear on the caps; as the fruiting bodies grow, they expand and infect other fruiting bodies; subsequently the color deepens and spreads to the entire cap, and the whole mushroom turns yellow. The affected fruiting bodies become water-soaked but are not sticky and do not rot, and especially in black oyster mushrooms the color difference after yellow blotches appear is extremely obvious.
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How do you deal with a lack of water in the substrate during the later stage of oyster mushroom cultivation?
The first flush of oyster mushrooms accounts for about 40% of the total yield. Generally, after the second flush is harvested, because the water in the substrate is almost used up, even if mushrooms can still come out they are sparse, with thin and weak fruiting bodies, loose and dry flesh, and poor taste. To increase the yield, the following methods can be used to supplement water and nutrient solution: (1) The upright bag hole-irrigation method: the soaking method requires a water-holding container, but in some cases a small container or other reasons make it inconvenient, so this method can be used. Stand the fungus bags upright on the floor of the mushroom house, pull up the edges of the plastic bag so that water can be retained after watering, then
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Symptoms and Control Methods of Oyster Mushroom Brown Blotch Disease
Mushroom brown blotch disease is also known as dry blister disease, Verticillium mold, and so on. In some areas the disease occurs rather severely, and yields suffer great losses. Damage symptoms: when mushroom buds are affected, their growth and development are poor, so that the stipes and buds cannot form and become shriveled white small mushroom masses. When fruiting bodies are affected, many pinhead-sized brown spots appear on the caps, and later the spots enlarge and become sunken, grayish-white in the center; when moist, white moldy growth, namely conidiophores and conidia, forms on the lesions. When the stipe is affected, the stipe base becomes thicker and brown, the outer tissue peels and splits, and after growing up the stipe base becomes crooked and deformed.
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Simple insulation methods for winter cultivation of oyster mushrooms
Winter cultivation of oyster mushrooms has a high success rate, and it is also a good opportunity for people to use their spare time to make money. But how can suitable temperatures be created for cultivating oyster mushrooms in winter? 1. Cultivation of oyster mushrooms should begin in late autumn. When the weather turns cold, have mushroom bags with mycelium covering half the bag ready as insulating oyster mushroom bags. 2. After the temperature becomes very low, stack the mushroom bags to make it easier to raise and maintain the temperature. The stacking method is: make 4 rows into one section, place 7 bags in each row, and leave a gap of about 5 cm between rows for ventilation. Leave a distance of 67 cm between sections
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